392 



WILSON GEE. 



shortened bodies, small eyes, a poor development of pigment, and 

 a feeble circulation. A great assortment of defective individuals 

 was produced in the lot of eggs treated with fifteen per cent, 

 alcohol twenty minutes after fertilization, representing almost 

 all of the types discussed by Stockard ('10). One of the microph- 

 thalmic monsters so developed is figured in the text (Fig. 17). 



13 



FIG. 12. An embryo six days old treated with two per cent, alcohol in sea 

 water for fifteen minutes prior to fertilization with untreated sperm. A spina 

 bifida, anophthalmic, with scarcely any pigmentation, and with a defective circula- 

 tion. 



FIG. 13. An asymmetricum monophthalmicum monster six days old from egg 

 treated with two per cent, alcohol for fifteen minutes prior to fertilization with 

 untreated sperm. 



The term defective has come to signify to the mind a monster 

 of an extreme type. So, in the tables and in many of the refer- 

 ences in this paper the word sub-normal has been substituted. 

 This is necessary in order to convey accurately the idea desired; 

 for many of the individuals of the treated lot are those of much 

 lowered vigor without any further special defect. Many em- 

 bryos would not reach the six-day stage, but would disintegrate, 

 the eggs becoming cloudy before that time. In a few instances 

 after reaching about a late blastula or gastrula stage the embryo 

 would slowly disintegrate. Thus it is to be noted that all 

 grades of defective individuals occurred from aberrant cleavages 

 to marked monsters of specific types and others which were 

 merely slow in their rate of development and small in size. 



