NEW AND RARE MOSSES FROM SCOTLAND 239 



spreading rather widely while wet, incurved when dry, 

 whereas the upper comal leaves remain nearly upright, are 

 very long, slender and narrow, 4 by .1 5 to .2 mm. ; in other 

 words, the breadth of these uppermost leaves is that of the 

 nerve alone in the other species, and length about 24 times 

 their breadth, have a very slender nerve and cells considerably 

 larger, shortly oblong, or .Oi3-.oi8 mm. in longer dimension. 

 The lower leaves are much shorter and broader, linear- 

 lanceolate, acute but not acuminate, the basal part slightly 

 broader and clasping the stem in part, composed below of 

 long narrow, attached cells, hyaline, ultimately of a deep 

 wine-red colour, rendering the whole of the base opaque, the 

 cells next nerve broader, .04 .065 by .009 .012 mm., 

 narrowing outwards and near margin only half the breadth 

 of the others ; upper cells smaller than in any other species, 

 close but distinct, quadrate, granular, .006 .009 mm. 

 across; nerve narrower than in the others, .07 .1 mm. 

 tapering and vanishing just below apex or reaching it in the 

 leaves with highly coloured bases. In this species the 

 anterior surface of the nerve and pagina is covered by the 

 hyaline bullae varying in height from .005 to .01 mm. up to 

 nearly the apex, subsiding somewhat in the lowest fourth, 

 while the posterior surface of the base does not show any 

 of the papillae seen in T. Norvegica, but the nerve has behind, 

 in the same region, a row of minute pellucid cells which do 

 not show any prominences beyond the general surface such 

 as are seen very manifestly in T. Norvegica ; margin of leaf 

 plane, serrated nearly throughout, although serratures are 

 less pronounced in lowest part. Barren. 



From the same parcel of mosses secured in 1855, was 

 picked out what appeared, at first sight, as a rather stunted 

 form of Climadum dendroides, a moss which obtrudes itself 

 here and there amongst other mosses and even flowering 

 plants, so as to be a source of annoyance, and which, 

 accordingly, is apt to be carelessly tossed aside. An 

 examination of the leaves showed very manifest distinctions 

 from the only European species of this genus, as well as 

 characters which allied it much more closely to Climaciuui 

 americanuin. Of this I have found only one plant which, 



