THK RHYTHMICAL MOVEMENTS <>F LITORINA 

 LITnKKA SYNCHRONOUS WITH OCEAN TIDES 



J. I). HA-KMAX. 

 l\ I Kcil.l riON. 



Through the kindnt ol 1 >r. Snnim-r, tin- \vritrr \\a- ^ivcii an 



(i]i])urt unii y to \\ork in the l.il >or.ui >ry of the Bureau of Fi-herie- 

 ,ii Wood- Hole. M :--.. duriiu the -umin.T of MO;. He i- in- 

 debted to I >r. ^tinnier for many valuable sug{ >ns. 



Tin- plirp"-e o| ||u- pre-ellt paper 1- In -llo\V tll.lt tile IlK'N e- 



meiit- ol /- '. \\liich arc -yiH-linuioii-> \vith oivan 



tiilc-. an- not diir. ilin-i il\ . io riilu-r ;< oi r< .pi-in or phoi- .i.txi- 

 luii io i In- .it lion of tin- til in of \\att-r on the moiv or K--- i-\po- ( d 

 -nail-. In ani\in^ al llii- lomlu-ion main rxprrinu-ni- were 

 noi onl\ in tin- lal'oi.ilor\ Inn al-o mnli-r natural 

 In addition, ill, halilai-o| i hrrr -| n vii- o| 



f.iturimi um- -itidicd in ddail. ^-iich oli-ri \ al ion- arc nciv--arv 

 \\hcii tin- naliir.il o-rillai ion- of Litorinn. \\liirh rorrc-pond to 



the rise and the fall of the tid< .n-i-lcn-d. 



l.a-il\ ihc \\iiu-r \\ill aiu-inpi to -lio\\ ihal Litorinn lite 

 doc- not n-iain a rlnihin, \\liidi is synchronous with tin- tide-. 

 cilhcr in ijiii<-i .u|iiaria or in naiun- \\licii lip ts of lilni- o| 



\\alci ha\c I .ecu renio\ed 1>\ ki epin- the -nail- pcrm.iiicntly 

 -ill. UK 1-^1 d. 



I . I'm II \i-.i i \ i ' 'i Litorinn. 



lndi\ idtial- W an- a- a rule foinxl on n>. k- 



\\liich lie I .el \\ceii ihc tidal mark-, 1. nl ..rca-ion.ilK an indi\ idnal 

 OCCUrS on rock \\ecd- ,nid c\ en on the muddy -lion-. Thi- 

 Bpecies \\a- alumdanl everywhere in lln- region of \\'..od- Hole, 



excepting in Grape and Tashmo pond-. \>\\\ of which are l>ra<-ki-h. 



i I ndi\ idnal- >f Litorinn pallintn li\ c as a rule < m n >ck \\ cci I - 



\\hich ;^ro\\ l.ci \\ccii ihc ii<lal mark-. Thi- -pci ie- \\a-noi cii- 



i.iuntcn-d al V.l.-ka I'-.inl or in ('.rape. Lagoon and Ta-hmo 



1 Tin- liii.il pir|..ii.itii'ti "I t: "lint >! ilic writ 



1-im trip in S..iith Ann-iii'.i i"i tin- ( '.iin. .ui.- Mu-ciini. >nly tin- in. in- imp. .1 t.int 

 1 .tn.l in.my "I tin- .l.-t.iil- liu\ l.<-t-n ..inittfl. 



i '3 



