2J2 C. L. TURNER. 



irregularities some principle other than that found by Smith for 

 Inachus must be sought in Cambarns propivqnns to explain the 

 relations between the gonads and the secondary sexual characters 

 for in Inachus " the male is potentially hermaphroditic and the 

 female purely female" while in Cambarns in the instances cited the 

 male shows no tendency to develope secondary sexual characters of 

 the female although the female in all the cases described has devel- 

 oped more or less fully the secondary sexual characters of the male. 



II. In Parastacus the presence of both male and female 

 secondary sexual sharacters in the same individual is a fixed 

 condition which is transmitted from one generation to another 

 without change. The question arises as to whether or not the 

 condition may not be transmitted in Cambarus as in Parastacus 

 although much less firmly fixed in Cambarns than in Parastacus. 

 The finding of a considerable number of specimens within a 

 very limited region would tend to strengthen the view that the 

 condition was somewhat constant in Cambarns and was being 

 transmitted. The females seem to be unaffected by the presence 

 of the male secondary sexual characters and they are certainly 

 sexually functional as shown by the fact that all such specimens 

 taken during the breeding season were bearing eggs or embryos. 

 One of these broods was reared and about fifty out of the sixty 

 embryos were brought to a stage in maturity where their sex 

 could be determined. It is rather suprising that every one of 

 those brought to maturity was a female. Twenty-one were 

 carried without mishap to a stage when the secondary sexual 

 characters were fully developed and all were normal, showing no 

 traces of the conditions which existed in the mother. 



It is noteworthy that specimens taken within a short distance 

 of each other at the same time should closely resemble each other 

 in their deviation from the normal. The specimens taken from 

 Turtle Creek in 1922 show the peculiarity in the first abdominal 

 appendages illustrated in figure 10. Those taken from Turtle 

 Creek in 1923 possess first abdominal appendages like those 

 illustrated in figures 9 and n while the seven taken from South 

 Kinnikinick Creek are all alike in having a single male character, 

 one hook on the left third walking leg. This would indir.itr that 

 the individuals resembling each other might have been members 

 of the same brood. 



