26 H. H. NEWMAN. 



It has been shown clearly in several sets of offspring that there 

 is an extremely close genetic relation between band anomalies 

 and anomalies of single scutes. The two types of anomaly are 

 merely more or less extensive expressions of the same genetic 

 factor. Whenever a mother shows either type of anomaly, one 

 or more offspring show one or the other type. The doubling 

 factor is therefore strikingly dominant in the Mendelian sense. 

 When we find sets of fetuses that show anomalies and the mothers 

 of these show no anomalies, we must conclude that the anomaly 

 is paternal, for a dominant factor in the mother, would appear 

 phenotypically if present genotypically. It is interesting to 



note that almost the same number of sets have normal as have 

 anomalous mothers. 



ANOMALOUS OFFSPRING OF NORMAL MOTHERS. 



There are in the present collection 14 sets of fetuses showing 

 band anomalies, the mothers of which showed neither band nor 

 scute anomalies. In some ways these sets are better for our 

 purposes than are those derived from anomalous mothers, be- 

 cause we can be sure of the uniparental character of the inheri- 

 tance. Since the mothers show no anomalies, those in the off- 

 spring, being unquestionably inherited, must have come from the 

 father. It would be highly interesting to know the conditions 

 in the fathers, but the latter are inaccessible. Since there is no 

 sex difference with regard to the anomalies, we may assume, how- 

 ever, that the same state of affairs would be revealed for the 

 paternal as that made out for the maternal relation. 



Some of the most interesting cases illustrating the symmetrical 

 distribution of anomalies, intra- and inter-individually, are found 

 among the offspring from normal mothers, and I shall give a 

 complete tabulation of these sets, calling attention in the text 

 only to certain of the more striking conditions, or to situations 

 differing from those dealt with in the sets derived from anomalous 

 mothers. 



SetK.2, 9 (Fig. 13). 



This set perhaps better than any other shows the phenomenon 



of symmetry reversal, or mirror-imaging among the quadruplets. 



Fetuses I. and III., which face one another across the vesicle, 



