BEHAVIOR OF THE ANT-LION. 295 



surface the imago emerges. In my limited experience I have 

 noticed three methods of emergence. In one case the chrysalis 

 protruded about half way out of the cocoon and the imago emerged 

 from its back. In another case the chrysalis had left the cocoon 

 entirely and protruded about half way out of the soil. In the 

 third case both the head end and the tail end of the chrysalis 

 remained within the cocoon and from its back the imago emerged. 

 I am inclined to think the third case abnormal, caused by the 

 head of the chrysalis becoming entangled in some strands of the 

 cocoon. Fig. 6 is a photograph of the cast skin of that chrysalis, 

 made just after I had removed it from its cocoon. It seems to 

 me that the other two cases may be explained as follows: when 



Fig. 1 2 



FIG. 12. One of the third pair of legs of an ant-lion larva. 



the cocoon is near enough to the surface for the chrysalis to expose 

 the upper portion of its body without coming entirely out of the 

 cocoon it does so; when the cocoon is a little deeper then the 

 chrysalis leaves the cocoon entirely and continues upward until 

 the anterior portion of its body is above the surface. 



When the cocoon is too far beneath the surface, the chrysalis 

 dies on its upward journey. Fig. 5 is the photograph of such a 

 chrysalis. It was found dead about half an inch below the sur- 

 face. Attached to the bottom of the jelly-glass about an inch 

 below the empty cocoon was found. 



Soon after emerging the imago undergoes an enormous increase 

 in size. It soon becomes more than twice as large as the chrysalis 

 from which it came, and this without partaking of food. Fig. 9 

 illustrates this. The jelly glass containing the cocoon had been 

 tightly closed to prevent the possible escape of the imago when 

 it emerged. It emerged at an unexpected time and when dis- 

 covered it was dead. It had lost one antenna and its body was 



