DEVELOPMENT OF COPIDOSOMA GELECHI^E. 359 



9. The dissociation of the inter-embryonal substance sets the 

 larvse free in the body cavity of the host. This occurs during the 

 last week of July. 



10. Abortive or degenerating embryos are found throughout 

 the entire period covered by the polygerm and free larval stages. 



1 1 . The free larvae destroy the entire contents of the caterpillar, 

 except the chitinous parts of the trachae, and leave only the 

 superficial layer of chitin of the body wall intact. The detritus 

 left in the larval chitin hardens to form thin-walled, oval chambers 

 in which the larvae lie and undergo pupation The superficial 

 layer of chitin also hardens, and the larval skin thus becomes 

 transformed into the typical mummified carcass, filled with the 

 parasitic pupae. 



13. Pupation takes place during the first ten days of August 

 and lasts about a month. 



14. The number of adult parasites emerging from the carcasses 

 varies from 25 to 395. There is a preponderance of females, 

 about 55 per cent, of all broods being females. Furthermore, the 

 average number of females emerging from a single carcass is 

 198 as compared with 175 for the males. Ten mixed broods of 

 males and females have been obtained. Some of these have 

 doubtless arisen from two or more eggs; but it is suggested that 

 such broods may also arise from a single fertilized egg, by a 

 process of disjunction of the sex chromosomes during the early 

 cleavage stages. 



WOODS HOLE, MASS., 

 August 12, 1915. 



LITERATURE REFERENCES. 

 Bridges, C. B. 



'13 Non-disjunction of the Sex Chromosomes of Drosophila. Jour, of Exp. 



Zool., Vol. XV., pp. 587-606. 

 Fernandez, M. 



'09 Beitrage zur Embryologie der Gurteltiere. Morpholog. Jahrb., Bd. 39, 



PP- 302-333. 

 Howard, L. O. 



'85 Description of North American Chalcididae. Bureau of Entomology 



Bulletin. 

 Marchal, P. 



'98 Un exemple de dissociation de 1'oeuf. La cycle de 1'Encyrtus fuscicollis. 



C. R. Soc. Biol. Paris. T. 5. pp. 238-240. 

 Marchal, P. 



'04 Recherches sur la Biologic et le Developpement des Hymenopteres Parasites. 



