92 P. W. WHITING AND ANNA R. WHITING. 



orange sooty 168, orange defective 133, orange defective sooty 65, 

 orange wrinkled and orange wrinkled defective 390, orange 

 wrinkled sooty and orange wrinkled sooty defective 137, and 

 females type 900, sooty 16, defective 67, defective sooty 2, 

 besides two impaternate females (freaks 257, 259), one mosaic 

 male (freak 256), and three gynandromorphs (freaks 250, 255, 

 258) discussed in the present paper. 



Disregarding the freaks we find among the total of 2,244 males, 

 1,086 or 48.39 0.71 per cent, orange, 1,028 or 45.81 0.71 

 per cent, wrinkled, and 824 or 36.72 0.69 per cent, sooty. 

 Orange is practically equal to expectation. Wrinkled is some- 

 what below due to death of the most extreme cases in cocoons. 

 Sooty is low on account of method of grading. 



Defectiveness was not determined in wrinkled wasps. Among 

 the 1,2 1 6 with flat wings there are 398 or 32.73 0.91 per cent, 

 defective. This is lower than expectation when d II95 alone is 

 involved although there is always some overlapping with normal. 

 Probably modifiers are involved since linkage between wrinkled, 

 w, and defective, d II95 , is absent. (Whiting, P. W., 1926(2.) 



Among the 1,216 flat-winged wasps there were 564 or 46.36 

 0.96 per cent, sooty while among the 1,028 wrinkled there 

 were 260 or 25.29 0.91 per cent, sooty. The relation is 

 contrary to expectation on a basis of linkage. The explanation 

 is found in the fact that wrinkled wasps have lighter mesosterna 

 on the average than flat-winged. 



Although we know that factors, o, w, S n , and d II95 were brought 

 in by the male parent and O, W, s n , and D n by the female, no 

 reliance can be placed upon the composition of any F% individual 

 with respect to s n and d II95 without adequate progeny test. 



Freak 257. One of the FI females, od II95 wOD n W, mentioned 

 under Origin of freaks 250, etc., produced males type 7, defective 

 5, wrinkled and wrinkled defective 6, orange 4, orange defective 

 3, orange wrinkled and orange wrinkled defective 6, and no 

 black females besides an orange female (freak 257) with flat 

 wings and normal r 4 which appeared in vial e (February, 1924). 

 Since no orange females were to be expected we have here a 

 case of thelytoky. Breeding test of this orange female showed 

 her homozygous for normal venation, heterozygous for wrinkled. 



