GYNANDROMORPHS IN HABROBRACON. Ill 



Freak 5 is of interest genetically as it proves that the gynandro- 

 morph comes from a fertilized egg and that female parts show 

 paternal influence. 



First polar body oo 



Cleavage nuclei 



ootids o 



sperm nucleus 



o 

 O 



Habrobracon brevicornis (Wesmael) which has been introduced 

 into the United States from Europe to parasitize the corn borer 

 may be reared on the Mediterranean flour-moth under conditions 

 standardized for Habrobracon juglandis. The two species are 

 somewhat similar. Antennae of brevicornis are longer, normally 

 ranging from nineteen to twenty-eight joints with a mode at 

 twenty-five in the male, and from fifteen to nineteen joints with 

 a mode at eighteen in the female. Sternites in the male, Fig. 32, 

 are, as in juglandis, smaller than in the female, Fig. 25. Mating 

 reactions and responses towards caterpillars are similar, but 

 brevicornis is more excitable and active than juglandis. Brevi- 

 cornis is likewise similar in producing males parthenogenetically. 

 It is probable that sex determination is similar but no mutations 

 have been obtained in brevicornis to check this. 



Freak 269. On May 28, 1925, Mr. A. M. Cloudman found a 

 gynandromorph of brevicornis in vial c from a pair also producing 

 60 males and 46 females. The head was male with twenty-five 

 joints in each antenna. Abdomen was apparently of normal 

 female type, Fig. 25. Seminal receptacle was devoid of sperm, 

 ovaries well-formed, and poison apparatus present. 



In tests extending over six days no interest was shown in 

 caterpillars, and there were no reactions towards males. The 

 gynandromorph pierced cotton plug with its sting, bending down 

 abdomen. There was vigorous response toward females, flipping 

 of wings, mounting, beating of antennae, etc. 



Freak 271. In a line of brevicornis bred by Mr. Cloudman a 

 culture occurred containing a number of freak types. Besides 

 about 75 normal males and 33 normal females, there were about 

 8 males with compound eyes reduced, one male with left com- 

 pound eye missing and antenna twisted, 3 males with "stalked" 

 eyes, 6 females with small eyes, and 5 dead pupae. Moreover in 



