io ANNALS OF SCOTTISH NATURAL HISTORY 



Crustaceans, too, it was evident, had perished in large 

 numbers. Hundreds of dead Hermit Crabs (Pagurus bern- 

 Jiardus], many of them of large size and nearly all in the 

 naked condition, were noticed on several parts of the shore ; 

 and Spider Crabs (Hyas araneus], all more or less mutilated, 

 were frequent. Among the heaps of sea-weed and other 

 debris, mangled remains of the Common Shore-Crab (Car- 

 cinus vicenas) were abundant, while here and there many 

 examples of its swimming relative Portumnus depurator 

 were met with. On the Craigentinny beach, two specimens 

 of the small Porcellana longicornis were obtained. At North 

 Berwick a good many Lobsters (Homants gammarus] were 

 cast ashore, and near Prestonpans I picked up a broken 

 specimen of Nephrops norvegicits. 



To all appearance, the destruction of Echinoderms had 

 not been less heavy. On the shore west of North Berwick 

 many large Sea-Urchins (Echinus esculentus], battered and 

 rubbed, were scattered about, and they again occurred in 

 considerable numbers a mile or so west of Aberlady, while 

 odd ones were noticed much farther westwards. At Bogle- 

 hill, Longniddry, two specimens of E. miliaris were found. 

 EcJiinocardiuni cor datum was cast up, but not in any 

 abundance, at several points between North Berwick and 

 Gullane, and at Longniddry. Great numbers of the 

 Common Cross-fish (Astcrias rubens], dead and broken, were 

 lying about ; and the Sun-star (Crossaster papposus], though 

 less numerous, was likewise common. Solaster endica, Cnb- 

 rella oculata, and Ophiothrix rosula ( = O. pentaphyllum ?} 

 occurred, but not plentifully, at Prestonpans and Dirleton ; 

 and among rejectamenta at Morrison's Haven a couple of 

 OpJtiopJiolis aculcata were obtained. 



Of other groups I took little note, but I could not help 

 beincr struck with the great numbers of the two common 



o o 



Sea- Anemones (Actinia mesembryanthemum and Tealia 

 crassicornis), and also of Alcyonium digitatum and an 

 Ascidian (A, virginea ?\ mixed up in the general wreckage 

 at several points between North Berwick and Port Seton. 

 The Sea Mouse (Aphrodite aculeata) occurred in some 

 numbers at Gosford, Prestonpans, and Portobello. Any 

 one interested in Hydroid Zoophytes could, no doubt, have 



