A. E. Verrill Decapod Crustacea of Bermuda. 317 



Grapsus grapsus (Linn.). Cliff Crab. Red Shore-Crab. 



Cancer grapsus Linne", Systema Naturae, eel. xii, i, p. 1048, 1767; Amoenit. 



Acad., 2d ed., iv, p. 252, pi. 3, tig. 10, 1788. 



(irapsus pictus Lamarck, Syste"me Animaux sans Verteb., p. 150, 1801. 

 Desmarest, Consider. General. Crust., p. 130, pi. 16, fig. 1, 1825. 

 M. -Edwards, Hist. Nat. Crust., ii, p. 86, 1837 (Antilles) ; Regne animal de 



Cuvier, 3 mo edit. , pi. 22, fig. 1 . 



Gibbes, Proc. Amer. Assoc. Adv. Sci., 3d meeting, p. 181 (17), 1850 (Florida). 

 Dana, U. S. Expl. Expd., Crust., p. 336, 1852 (Maderia, Cape Verdes, Peru, 

 Pauniotu Archipelago, Sandwich Is.). S. I. Smith, Trans. Conn. Acad. 

 Sci., iv, p. 257, 1880 (synonymy and table of measurements). 

 Miers, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1877, p. 73 (Galapagos Is. ; >((?. aUifrons 



Stimp.). 



Hilgendorf, Monatsb. Akad. Wissensch. Berlin, 1878, p. 807 (Mozambique). 

 Grapsus maculatus M. -Edwards, Ann. Sci. nat., Ill, xx, p. 167 (133), pi. 6 



(= pi. 22, Regne animal de Cuvier, Crust.), 1853 (Antilles).* 

 Stirnpson. Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York, vii, p. 229 (101), 1860 



(Florida). 



Kiugsley, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1879, p. 401 (Santa Cruz, 



Tahiti). Miers, Voy. Challenger, vol. xvii, p. 255, 1886. Young, op. 



cit., p. 280, 1900. J. E. Benedict, Crust. West Africa, Proc. U. S. Nat. 



Mus., xvi, p. 538, 1893. 



Grapsus ornatus M. -Edwards, Ann. Sci. nat., Ill, xx, p. 168 (134), 1853 



(Chili). 

 Grapsus Webbi M. -Edwards, Ann. Sci. nat., Ill, xx, p. 167 (133), 1853. 



Stimpson, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1858, p. 102 (48). 

 Grapsus aUifrons Stimpson, Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York, vii, p. 230 



(102), 1860 (Cape St. Lucas). 



Grapsus yrapsus M. J. Rathbun, Brachyura and Macr. Porto Rico, p. 16, 1901 

 (descr. and distr.). Rankin, Crust. Berm., p. 527, 1900. Verrill, The Ber- 

 muda Is., i, p. 94. 



PLATE X, FIGURE 6. PLA.TE XI, FIGURE 2. 



This is a large and conspicuous species, remarkable for its agility 

 and swiftness. It runs and climbs over the rough and eroded rocks 

 and cliffs between tides, and even to some distance above high-water 

 mark, often ascending the nearly perpendicular cliffs with great 

 agility. When pursued by man it usually escapes by rapid running, 

 often hiding in some deep crevice or cavernous place. If hard 

 pressed it will take to the water, where it can usually be caught with 

 a landing net, for it cannot swim very rapidly. Sometimes several 



* The name C. maculatus in the binomial system dates from Edwards' edition 

 of Catesby, Nat. Hist. Carolinas, 1771, vol. ii, pi. xxxvi, where it is well figured 

 in colors. 



