THE EFFECTS OF OXYGEXATIOX AND STARVATION 



ON THE SYMBIOSIS BETWEEX THE TERMITE, 



TERMOPSIS, AXD ITS INTESTINAL 



FLAGELLATES. 



L. R. CLEVELAND' 



CONTEN 



PACE 



INTRODUCTION 309 



TERMOPSIS AND rrs I'KOTOZOA 310 



EXPERIMENTS AND OBSERVATIONS. ... .... 313 



a. Stijri'itinn .... 313 



'xygrnatiun 



i . Starvation and Oxygmation ^ i o 



J. \\'nod-feedmf ,ifter intervals of starvation cj>. nation to termite* with: ,ii7 



( i / > ichomonas, Streb!oma'.tix ....318 



(a) / r. mastix ...318 



Strflilomif-tix ... 319 



(4) Trichonympha. I.tidyopsis. > 319 



/>"/ -M. StrtbloiMStix 320 



protozoa 320 



I |v, i gsiON 320 



v ' MM \|. >NS. . 32! 



KM 5 .... 325 



I\ IRODUCTION. 



In .i ]in-\iitis paper ('2411) the writer reached the conclu-ii.ii 

 th.it \vloph. 1:0 >u?, and protozoa-harboring termites are not al>lr 

 to live on their in irin.il dirt >! \\ i KM! after their intestinal proto/< .i 

 .irr rr!iiM\i-(| I'roin thrin h> iiK ul-.itioii for 24 hours at 36 C. 

 Tin y dir \\ it hi 11 thrrr tu t'mir \\rrks if given a wood diet. When 

 thr proto/n.i .in- rrpl.ird. the termites conoomitantly r(.-u;.iin 

 their ,il>ilit\ tu li\e indefinitely on a diet of wood or cellulose. 

 Thus, the incubation, \\hirh renio\'ed the protozoa, did not 

 kill the tetniite> /><T sc. Also, when termites from which the 

 proto/oa had been rem>\ed by incubation, weir ^i\rn a diet of 

 fungus-digested cellulce, they were able to li\e indetinitel\ . 

 Therefore, the ability to make use of cellulose (to maintain itself 

 indefinitely on a wood diet an animal must be able to digest 



1 Fellow (in the Biological Sciences) of the National Research Council, working 

 at the Department of Medical Zoology, School of Hygiene and Public Health, 

 Jehu* Hopkin< I 'nivt-rsity, Baltimore, Maryland. 



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