THE FERTILIZATION REACTION IN ECHINARACH- 



NIUS PARMA. 



II. THE ROLE OF FERTILIZIN IN STRAIGHT AND CROSS 



FERTILIZATION. 



E. E. JUST. 



CONTENTS. 



I. Introduction 12 



II. Sperm Agglutination and its Significance in Echinarachnius 12 



A. Sperm Agglutinin Production in Echinarachnius 13 



1. Quantitative Method for Determining Fertilizin Production 



by Ova 13 



a. Variations in Fertilizin Production by Ova 14 



b. Fertilizin Production by Washed Eggs 15 



2. Source of Fertilizin 16 



a. Comparison of Ripe Eggs With and Without Jelly 16 



b. Study of Immature Eggs 17 



c. Study of the Perivisceral Fluid 18 



B. Fertilizin Production as an Index of Fertilization Capacity 18 



1. Comparison of "Ovary Eggs" and "Dry Eggs" 19 



2. Fertilization capacity of Washed Eggs 20 



3. Eggs Normally Resistant to Fertilization 21 



4. Fertilizin Production after Membrane Formation 22 



a. Eggs with Fertilization Membranes 22 



b. Eggs with Butyric Acid Membranes 24 



C. Summary of Part II 24 



III. Cross Fertilization and Agglutination in Echinarachnius and Arbacia. . . 25 



A. Reciprocal Cross Fertilization between Echinarachnius and Arbacia. 25 



1. Arbacia 9 X Echinarachnius c? 26 



2. Echinarachnius 9 X Arbacia c? 1 27 



B. Hetero-agglutination in Echinarachnius and Arbacia 29 



1. Effect of Echinarachnius Egg-water on Arbacia Sperm 29 



2. Effect of Arbacia Secretion on Echinarachnius Sperm 30 



a. Agglutinative Power of Arbacia Egg-water on Echinarach- 



nius Sperm after Successive Dilution 30 



b. Hetero-agglutinin Production of Washed Arbacia Eggs. . 31 



c. Precipitation of Hetero-agglutinin by Echinarachnius 



Sperm 32 



d. Agglutinative Action of Arbacia Blood on Echinarach- 



nius Sperm 32 



e. Microscopic Appearance of Echinarachnius Sperm 



Agglutinated by Arbacia Egg-water 33 



C. Summary of Part III 33 



IV. Discussion 34 



V. Literature Cited 37 



II 



