Vol. XXIIL November, 1912. No. 6 



BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN 



ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION. 1 

 V. ASPECTS OF PHYSIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION. 



VICTOR E. SHELFORD. 

 CONTENTS. 



I. Introduction 331 



II. Basis and Method of Classification 335 



1 . Basis 335 



2. Ecological Specificity and Specificity of Behavior 337 



3. Stratification or Vertical Aspects 339 



4. Habitat or Horizontal Aspects 343 



(a) Dynamic Relations of Local and Climatic Conditions 344 



5. Primary and Secondary Conditions and Communities 349 



6. Development of Ecological Classification 352 



7. Ecological Terminology 354 



8. Animal Communities in the Forest Border Region 357 



III. General Discussion 359 



IV. Summary 366 



V. Acknowledgments and Bibliography 366 



I. INTRODUCTION. 



Every investigator appreciates the value of having several 

 methods of organizing data on a given subject. Each new 

 arrangement adds new light and often valuable conclusions. 



1 The following errata appeared in the preceding paper, " Ecological Succession 

 IV.," Vol. XXIIL, pp. 59 to 99 of this journal: 



Page 66, Table I.: for Lee. read Dj.; for Psinida read Psinidia; for americanorum 

 read americanus; for wyominganum read wyomingianum; for Cnemodophorus read 

 Cnemidophorus. 



Page 67, for arborens read arboreus Say; for Cyclisticus read Cylisticus; for 

 Lyasopetalum read Lysiopelalum; for Spirobolis read Spirobolus; for promelia read 

 pimelia; for Liobromum nigripalpi read Liobunum nigropalpi Wood; for htrtculeanus 

 read herculeanus ; for Cerchus read Ceruchus. 



Page 68, for melumboni read nelumbonis; for Ampulicidce read Ceropalidce; for 

 Psilhurus read Psithyrus; for anornis read anormis; for umbratis read umbratus; 

 opposite species 19 and 20, for H read /. 



331 



