332 VICTOR E. SHELFORD. 



However in the general field of zoology, we have but one complete 

 system of arranging data, namely the system of taxonomy. The 

 recent attempts in ecology, while as yet scattered and incomplete, 

 have been aimed in the general direction of the classification of 

 organisms upon a physiological basis with particular reference to 

 relations to environment. The relations of animals to environment 

 were thought to be very orderly by many of the early naturalists 

 but the lack of understanding of the environment led to diffi- 

 culties. With the development of the idea of evolution, struc- 

 tural relations were sought, but aside from the "adaptations" 

 of the large taxonomic groups to strata, etc., such attempts 

 have, in the main, failed. The great importance which has 

 been attached to the natural selection hypothesis has been 

 largely responsible for the failure of naturalists to develop ecology 

 along its proper physiological lines. This hypothesis, in the 

 narrow sense in which it has been construed and applied, calls 

 for life and death relations to environment, color and structural 

 adaptations, and fixed physiological relations to environmental 

 factors. Emphasis has been placed on the wrong phenomena; 

 attention has been turned to pseudo-problems and some prejudice 

 against all study of the environment and of the relations of the 

 animal to the environment, has been developed. 



On the plant side, present attempts at ecological classification 

 date back at least to the publication of Warming's work in 1891, 

 which followed closely after the general acceptance of the germ 



Page 69, for Byl read Gyl.; for fraudulentia read fraudulenta; for Pteroslricus 

 corecinus read Pterostichus coracinus; for Xylopodus saperaioides read Xylopinus 

 saperdioides. Table II., for domocilorum read domicilorum; for Diaphoromeraread 

 Diapheromera. 



Page 70, for Pleclodera read Plectrodera; for Schistocera rubignosa read Schis- 

 tocerca rubiginosa; opposite species u, for Locust read Pine. 



Page 71, for Tripleps read Triphleps; for gwttt vtttoto read gutlivitta; for Scapho- 

 dius read Scaphoideus; for Lyngyphidce read Linyphiida; for senitoria read sena- 

 toria; for Cry ptophyllus perspecivius read Cyrtophyllus perspicillatus; for Sym- 

 mirista read Symmerista ; for anguissi read angusii. 



Page 72, for oblitunis read olitarius; for tubercolalus read tuberculatus. 



Page 82, for Aglena read Agelena; for Dissostiera read Dissosteira; for Lya- 

 sopetalum read Lysiopetalum. 



Page 84, for gracile read gracilis. 



Page 86, for arborens read arboreus; for Tripleps read Triphleps. 



Page 97, for '03, Dahl, third reference, read '08. 



Page 99, for Woods-Jones, read Wood-Jones. 



