250 



EVOLUTION OF BIRD- SONG 



EAGLE owl (S. Af.), 188 

 Emberizidae, 120 



Environment, effects of, 177, 199, 

 227 



FAMILY cries, 90 



Fear, influence of, 45, 76 



Females singing, 56 



Ferruginous thrush (Am.), in 



Fieldfare, 96 



Field-sparrow (Am.), 186 



Finches and buntings, 122 



First cries, 7 



Fog, effect of, 64, 107 



Fowl, 86, 89, 134 



Frogs, 19 



Frost, effect of, 194 



GALLINACEOUS birds, 35 



Garden warbler, 109 



General and special types, 92 



Golden-crested wren, 50, 67, 222 



Golden plover, 87, 89 



Goldfinch, 125, 126, 128, 151, 171 



Goldfinch (Am.), 83, 132 



Goose, 86 



Grasshopper- warbler, 55, 56, 60, 



68, 186 



Greater nightingale, 104 

 Great tit, 55, 92 

 Green bulbul (India), 175 

 Greenfinch, 36, 50, 68, 80, 125-128, 



169, 173 



Green woodpecker, 67 

 Grunts (first cries), 14, 15 



HAWFINCH, 172 



Hedge-sparrow, 50, 73, 147 



Heredity, 86-139 

 and imitation, 90 

 in Anatidse, 138 

 in blackbird and robin, 97 

 in blackbird and thrush, no 

 in blackcap and garden-warbler, 



109 



in buntings and finches, 123 

 in buntings and pipits, 120 

 in chaffinch and brambling, 131 



Heredity, in chaffinch and house- 

 sparrow, 129 



in chick, 86 



in Corvidas, 93 



in Corvidas and Turdidae, 95 



in cuckoos, 134 



in finches, 125 



influence of, 86 



in greenfinch and brambling, 126 



in greenfinch and canary, 125 



in lapwing, 88 



in larks and pipits, 118, 119 



in mistle - thrush and American 

 robin, 107, 108 



in mistle-thrush and ouzel, 108 



in mistle-thrush and redwing, 138 



in nightingale and lesser white- 

 throat, 107 



in nightingale and sedge-warbler, 

 107 



in partridge, pheasant, and fowl, 



134 



in pheasant, etc., 89 

 in pigeons and doves, 134 

 in pipits, 102 

 in raptorial birds, 134 

 in redstart and flycatcher, 99, 104 

 in redstart and nightingale, 105 

 in redstart and robin, 97, 98 

 in redstart and warblers, 99, 104 

 in redstart and whitethroat, 105 

 in rhea, 88 



in robin and blackbird, 104 

 in robin and hedge-sparrow, 114 

 in robin and nightingale, 104 

 in sparrows, notes of, 129-131 

 in thrushes and warblers, 95, 



100-104, I]C 7 

 in tinamu, 88 

 in Turdidae, 95 



in wagtails and pipits, 117, 118 

 in warblers compared, 113 

 in willow-warbler and yellow-bird 



(Am), 106 



in woodpeckers, 134, 143 

 Hissing, 15-17 

 Homing pigeon, 66 

 Hooded crow, 93, 146 

 House-sparrow, 61, 153, 154, 160, 



169 



