12 PREFACE. 



and to a less extent in Florida. These collections furnished types for 

 many species described by Mr. Grote, and of which Dr. Thaxter has 

 duplicates. His material is thus largely typical while not often marked 

 "type." The collections made by Mrs. Fernald at Orono. Me., are in 

 much the same case. She furnished the material for a number of new 

 species to Messrs. Grote and Morrison, but has few " types." 



The Graef collection contains many rarities collected years ago, when 

 Mr. Grote first began his studies, and contains also a share of the ma- 

 terial collected by Morrison. A very great proportion of the species 

 were determined by Mr. Grote, and the specimens often form part ol 

 the material from which the descriptions were made. 



The Hulst collection, now in my charge at Rutgers College, is espec- 

 ially rich in Catocalee, typifying Dr. Hulst's work in that genus, and it 

 contains types also in several other genera. 



Prof. F. H. Snow, of Lawrence, Kans., has types of a few species, but 

 furnished the material for a considerable number of descriptions. His 

 New Mexican material was all named by Mr. Grote and is typical of 

 three papers on New Mexican moths. 



Prof. George H. French, of Carbondale, Ills., has types of a few 

 species described by himself and there are a few other types scattered 

 in various collections. 



Mr. David Bruce has collected extensively in Colorado and his col- 

 lections have furnished types of a considerable number of species, most 

 of them described by myself. Most of these types are not in Mr. Bruce's 

 collection; but I have so labeled some of the material returned to him, 

 where it formed part of the original lot from which the descriptions 

 were made. The determinations of my own species in that collection 

 are nearly all made by comparison with the original types. 



Of Institutions containing uoctuid types, the Agricultural College of 

 Michigan contains the Tepper collection already mentioned. A few 

 type specimens are in the Cornell collection at Ithaca, N. Y. Rutgers 

 College has the Hulst collection and types of some of nay species. The 

 Hy. Edwards collection is in the American Museum of Natural History. 



In the collection of the American Entomological Society of Philadel- 

 phia are a number of types of the species described by Messrs. Grote 

 and Robinson, and also of some described by Mr. Grote alone. In the 

 Canadian Entomologist, IV, 109, Mr. Grote writes concerning the work 

 by Mr. Robinson and himself: "The collection on which these and all 

 our other joint entomological writings were based, is now in the posses- 

 sion of the American Entomological Society.''' If that was true in 1872, 

 it certainly is not so now, because but a very few of the species are at 

 present in that collection. Of these, a very small proportion only have 

 a written label. Some have a little printed "type" label; but nothing 

 to indicate of what it is the type. In at least two cases I found these 

 "type" specimens under names with which they had no possible rela- 

 tionship. Fortunately the excellent figures given in illustration of the 



