20. RAIID^E RAIA. 41 



preceding species, reaching a length of nearly three feet. The egg- 

 cases are more than twice as large as those of the smaller species. 



(Mitchill, Trans. Lit. & Phil. Soc. i, 477, 1815: Raia diapliaves, pt. ; Storer, Fish. 

 Mass. 240; Garman, 1. c. 177.) 



** Outline of the disk anterior to the spiracles forming a more or less marked angle 

 at the tip of the snout. 



\ Angle at tip of snout short and obtuse; rows of teeth ^; body and tail with 

 large bucklers. 



50. R. ra.dia.ta. Donovan. Starry Ray. 



In addition to the spines on the pectorals, head, back, and tail common 

 to the preceding species, this species is marked by the presence of large 

 spinous plates or bucklers. These are large strong spines, with broad 

 stellate or shield-like bases. They are arranged as follows : One or 

 two in front of each eye ; one on each side between the eye and the 

 spiracle ; a pair on the shoulder, the smaller in front ; and fourteen or 

 more forming a dorsal row, beginning just back of the head and extend- 

 ing to the caudal. -An irregular row of spines on each side of the tail, 

 separated from the membrane by a band of shagreen ; males with two 

 or more rows of claw-like spines on the pectorals. Teeth with a long 

 sharp point, rising from the middle and hooking backwards in the male, 

 bluntish in the female; females larger than the males and more spinous. 

 (Garman}. Size medium. L. 1 to 2 feet. North Atlantic; found both 

 in America and Europe. 



(Raia radiata Donovan, Hist. Brit. Fish, v, pi. 114, 1820; Giinther, viii, 460; Gar- 

 man, 1. c. 177: Raia americana DeKay, 260.) 



ft Angle at tip of snout acute, moderately produced ; rows of teeth . 



51. R. eglanteria Lace"pede. Brier Ray. 



Prickles comparatively small and very sharp, most numerous on the 

 anterior portion of the pectoral, over the head, on the snout, on the 

 middle of the back, and on the tail between the rows of larger ones ; 

 enlarged spines present around the eyes and spiracles, on the middle of 

 the snout, in a median row along the back, and in two rows along each 

 side of the tail ; these spines very sharp, larger and smaller ones alter- 

 nating in the rows ; a large spine in the middle of each shoulder; a 

 spine between the caudal fins. Color brown, with bauds, bars, lines, 

 blotches, and spots of darker in the middle of the pectoral ; a translu- 



