31. CYPRINID^E PHOXINUS. 243 



imbricated. Lateral line incomplete or wanting. Dorsal flu behind 

 vcutrals. Anal basis short. Species of small size and brilliant colora- 

 tion ; found both in Europe and America, (^o^rvo?, a minnow; from 

 ?<?, tapering.) 



* Scales very small, 75-90 in the lateral liue. 



403. P. iieog-aeMS Cope. 



Body short and thick, little compressed, the back little elevated. 

 Head very large and broad, the muzzle blunt. Mouth moderate, quite 

 oblique, the lower jaw projecting; maxillary reaching to beyond front 

 of orbit; upper lip on the level of the middle of the pupil. Fins mod- 

 erate. Dorsal well backward, much nearer caudal than snout, some- 

 what behind ventrals. Pectorals large. Scales very small, almost 

 imbedded in the skin. Lateral line decurved, very short, not extend- 

 ing to veutrals. Back and belly scaly. Eye large, 3i in head. Color 

 very dark; back plain, almost black; a black baud through snout and 

 eye to caudal; above this a pale baud; below this abruptly white; belly 

 and lower fins crimson in spring males; pectorals dusky. Head 3f ; 

 depth 4|. D. 8; A. 8; scales 18-80-11; teeth 2, 4-5, 2. L. 3 inches. 

 Michigan to Iowa; not common. 



(Cope, Cypr. Penn. 1866, 375; Giinther, vii, 247.) 



"* Scales moderate, 40-45 in the lateral line. 



404. P. flammeus Jordan & Gilbert. 



Body moderately stout, slenderer and more compressed than in P. 

 neogceus. Head rather short and deep, the upper outline rounded, the 

 muzzle rather blunt. Eye large, 3^ in head. Mouth small, oblique, the 

 Jaws about equal, the upper lip on the level of the pupil, the max- 

 illary extending to the front of the orbit. Scales much larger and more 

 loosely imbricated than in the other species. Back and belly scaled. 

 Lateral line short, decurved, on 14 scales, not reaching base of ventrals. 

 Fins small, the dorsal well backward. Back dark; a black lateral band, 

 formed of dark specks ; above this a pale baud ; the belly below this pale ; 

 bright scarlet red in the males in spring. Head 4; depth 4. D. 8; A. 8; 

 scales 7-43-5 ; teeth 2, 4-5, 2. L. 2i inches. Tennessee Eiver. 



(Jordan & Gilbert, Man. Vert. E. U. S. ed. 2, 1878, 303; Jordan & Braytou, Bull. 

 U. S. Nat. Mus. xii, 66.) 



405. P. milfiieriamis Cope. 



"Form elongate, chin slightly beyond upper lip. Pharyngeal teeth 

 2, 5-4, 2. Scales in 15 longitudinal rows between the dorsal and ven- 



