272 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY - IV. 



-ei rate. Fins various. No adipose fin. ('andal forked. Small fishes; 

 usually s\\ -jinming in large schools. Abundant in all warm sens, occa- 

 sionally cnl din-- rivers. Cienera 0, species about GO. 

 ' ' '.rronp KngrauHdina Giinther, vii, 3S3-40G.) 



Ill-membranes .-eareely eoimeeted, the gill-openings heinLT extremely wide; no 

 ]>< dor.-il filaments; anal tin moderate, its orijjin behind that of t lie dorsal ; 

 apper jaw projecting beyond lower; maxillaries not extending beyond gill- 

 openings; teeth .-mall, or wanting, in one or both jaws., .STOLEPHORUB, i'j?. 



127. STOt-EPIIORUS Lac6pede. 



Anchovies. 

 (Engraulis Cuvicr, 1817.) 



i l.aeriH'dr. Hist. Nat. Poiss. v, 381, 180:5: type Alherina japonica Gmclin.) 



Body oblong, compressed, covered with rather large, thin, deciduous 

 scales. Snout conical, compressed, projecting 1 . Maxillary extending 

 backwaid far behind eye, about to the base of the mandible. Oper- 

 culum narrow, membranaceous. Teeth small, usually ou the jaws, 

 vomer, palatines, and pterygoids, those of one or both jaws sometimes 

 obsolete. Anal fin moderate, free from caudal (its rays lf>~ ID). No pec- 

 toral filaments. Dorsal about midway of body, posterior to ventrals. 

 Pectorals and ventrals each with an accessory scale. Adipose eyelid 

 obsolete. Branchiostegals 9-14. Gill-membranes not united, leaving 

 the narrow isthmus uncovered. Species about LV), in all warm regions. 

 (ff-/.?;, a stole, a white band worn by priests; pw/ ;( ^> bearing; in allusion 

 to the silvery lateral band.) 



tli line, even, inimorons, persistent in both jaws. 

 t Sides without distincl silvery band. 



S. rin^oiis (Jenyns) Jor. & Gilb. . 



P.luish above; sides and below sihci-y. not translucent. Xo silvery 

 latt ral band. Uody little com]>ressed, rounded aliove, slightly cari 

 nated below, not serrated. Head long, anteriorly compressed, the snout 

 pointed and protruding. Head nearly twice as long as deep. K\ e 

 large, very near the tip of the snout. Maxillary extending beyond root 

 of mandible. ( )perc!e deeper than long, placed very obliquely, (lill- 

 rakers \ ei \ long, much longer llian the eye. Head .">J, ; depth ;"U. 

 I >. 1 I : A. L'L'; Lat. 1. 10; 13. 11. I,. 7 inches. Pacific coast, from Van- 

 oiiver's Island to Peru: extremely abundant. The largest of our an- 

 chovies. 



rini/i ;M .b'ii\ n>. Vnyain- ISea^le. I: 1 ,!',: i:itr/r(tnlin r\n<i< ( ; iint her, vii, 38G: 

 Enyraulm innrdax (;irard, I'. S. 1'ae. \{. \i. Snrv. x, 33-1: Enyrnuhx ntnius Girnrd, 1. c. 



