372 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY - IV. 



viviparous, the other oviparous. Genera about 8, species ICO; 

 abounding in all warm seas, some of them entering fresh waters. 

 (Scombercsocidcc Giinther, vi, 233-293.) 



"Jaws with sharp, wide-set teeth; both jaws prolonged, forming a beak; finlets 

 none. (Bclonintr.) 



a. Gill-rakers none ; no teeth on vomer or palatines TYLOSUUCS, 181. 



** Jaws with very small teeth, or none. 



6. Maxillary anehylosed to prernaxillary. 

 c. Both jaws more or less prolonged ; dorsal and anal witli finlets. (Scombtfre- 



socinee. ) ScOMBERBSOX, 182. 



cc. Lower jaw only produced; no finlets. (ironirhainplnixr.) 

 d. Anal fin of the male not modified; species oviparous. 



HEMIKIIAMPIirS, 183. 



bb. Maxillary separate from premaxillary ; neither jaw produced; no finlets; 



pectoral fins elongate. ( Ksoi-irtiiur.) 



e. Ventrals anteriorly placed, not reaching to the anal.llAi.ocvpsr.i.rs, 1-1. 

 ee. Ventrals posteriorly placed, reaching past front of anal. 



f. Chin without barbel Exccom'S, 185. 



ff. Chin with one or two barbels or tleshy appendages. CYPSELURUS, 186. 



181. TYL.OSURUS Cocco. 

 Gar- fishes. 



(Cocco, Lettere in Giornale Jsci. Let. Sicilia, xvii, 18: type Tylosurus* cantraini 

 Cocco =Enox imperial in Raf.) 



Body elongate, very slender, not much compressed. Both jaws pro- 

 longed into a beak, the lower jaw somewhat the longer, much the longer 

 in young fishes, the very young resembling Ilcnilrhanipltuft. Both jaws 

 armed with a band of small, sharp teeth, besides which is a series of 

 longer, wide-set, sharp, conical, unequal teeth. Xo teeth on vomer or 

 palatines. Maxillaries grown fast to prcmaxillaries. Scales small, de- 

 ciduous. Lateral line running along the side of the belly, becoming 

 median on the tail. No finlets. Dorsal lin usually elevated anteriorly. 

 Caudal tin short, truncate or forked. Pectorals and ventrals small, the 

 latter inserted behind the middle of the body. < Jill rakn> obsolete. Air- 

 bladder present. ( )vary single. 1 Jones usually green. Si/e compara- 

 tively large. Species numerous. Voracious fishes, found in most seas. 

 This genus dill'crs from /.V/ow+ (Hilonr rul(/(trin Cuvier) in the absence 

 of gill-rakers and vomerine teeth. (T--/..C, callous; -./</, tail; in allusion 



"We are informed by I>r. Vineiguerra. <>f (ienoa. that the jrill rakers are ohsoletn 



ill Tl/lt>xiirilM ini/HI-jillix, as ill all the Allieriean s]iecie> lormelly I'eferred to It 



tCuvirr, li'e^ne Anim. ii, 1-17: l\|>e /.'../ In lone L. = ]!<-loin mlijurix 



t, an anejent n a me of some lish \vho>e " l>e !!y splits to allow t lie escape of the 

 the wonnil afterwards ln-aling." doubtless Siiinjiialliim ; /Jf'AoS, a dart.) 



