91. SCLENID^ HAPLOIDONOTtJS. 567 







cc. Teeth feeble, permanent in upper jaw only; anal spines small. 



LIOSTOMUS, 297. 

 fefc. Lower jaw with several minute barbels. 



d. Preopercle with its membranaceous margin erenulate. 



GENYONEMUS, 298. 



dd. Preopercle with its bony margin serrate MICROPOGON, 299. 



bbb. Lower jaw with a single thickish barbel. 



e. Air-bladder present ; anal spines 2 UMBRIXA, 300. 



ce. Air-bladder none ; anal spine single MENTICIRRCS, 301. 



U Lower jaw projecting beyond upper. 



/. Snout short, blunt ; no canines; anal fin very smal; soft part of 



dorsal much longer than spiuous part LARIMUS, 302. 



ft. Vertebrae about 14 -j- 10 ; body elongate ; lower jaw projecting. (OtoUtliince.) 



]>. Canine teeth none ATRACTOSCION, 303. 



kh. Canines two (or one) in upper jaw only.. ..CYNOSCIOX, 304: 

 ** Dorsals remote; the second about as large as the anal. (Isopisthincc.) 



i. Lower jaw projecting ; aual spines feeble ; teeth small, 

 sharp, in narrow bands SERIPIIUS, 305. 



294. HAPLOIDONOTUS Rafinesque. 

 Fresh-water Drums. 

 (Amblodon Eafiuesque.) 

 (Aplodinoius Rafinesque, Jouru. de Phys. 1819, 418 : type Aplodi-notus grunniens Raf. ) 



Body oblong, the snout blunt, the back elevated and compressed. 

 Mouth rather small, low, horizontal, the lower jaw included. Teeth 

 in villiforrn bands, the outer scarcely enlarged. No barbels. Pseudo- 

 branchiae rather small; gill-rakers short and blunt. Lower pharyn- 

 geals very large, fully united, with coarse, blunt, paved teeth. Preop- 

 ercle slightly serrate. Dorsal spines strong and high, with a close fit- 

 ting scaly sheath at base, the two dorsals somewhat connected. Second 

 anal spine very strong. Caudal double-truncate. Fresh waters of the 

 United States. (fahn-, a cloak; v<5r?, back; according to Gill, from 

 the scaly base of the dorsal fin.) 



893. H. ga'MJiEiieias Raf. Sheepsliead; Thunder-pumper; Drum; White Perch; 

 Croaker. 



Grayish silvery, dusky above, sometimes quite dark, the back some- 

 times with oblique dusky streaks along the rows of scales. Scales rather 

 thin, adherent, smaller on the back and belly. Second anal spine more 

 than half the length of the head. Snout very blunt, overlapping the 

 mouth. Eye large. Head 3 ; depth nearly 3. D. IX-I, 30 ; A. II, 7; 

 Lat. 1. 55. Great Lakes to Texas, abundant, reaching a weight of 50 to 



