654 coNTRir.rrioNs TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY iv. 



aa. Scales small; hit. 1. Go to 80; anal rays III, 7 to III, 9; skull thick, cranial ridges 



very ]o\v or obsolete : lower jaw 

 much projecting ; gill-rakers 

 very Imig ami slender; ciunhil 

 emarginatc; jaws scaly. (Sr- 

 BASTUSO.MUS Gill.) 



I. Peritoneum \vlute; cranial ridges all obsolete. 

 o. Color olivaceous, nearly plain; caudal yellowish or greenish; month large. 



flavidus. 



cc. Color du>ky, sides spotted with black; caudal dark; month smaller., mdanopti. 

 1>l). Peritoneum lilack. 



d. Snpraof ular and occipital ridges obsolete, without spines; colors dusky, the 



fius blackish. 

 e. Preoenlar ridges obsolete, the frontal region between ihem not specially 



convex ciliatun. 



ec. Preocular ridges present, usually ending in spines, the frontal region be- 

 tween them bulging., myathm*. 



dd. Snpraoeular and occipital ridges mostly present, ending in spines; dorsal 



fin not deeply euiargiuate; soft 

 dorsal low. 



/. Second anal spine scarcely or not longer than third; postocular spine 



wanting; color creamy olivace- 

 ous en tonulas. 



ff. Second anal spine notably longer than third. 



ij. Body ovate; postocular spines present; color chiefly creamy or oliva- 

 ceous orulix. 



gg. Body rather elongate; postocular wanting: color chiefly red. .proriytr. 

 aaa. Scales moderate; lat. 1. \'> to c>o: anal rays ill, ~> to III, 7. 



h. Cranial ridges very low, the skull thick and solid; lower jaw little 



projecting; interorbital space 

 convex; gill-rakers slender, 

 usually long. 

 t. Color olivaceous; postocular spine wanting; mandible with a few 



smooth scales atrocirt'tm. 



ii. Color red ; postocular spine present. 



j. Scales on mandible smooth J color chiefly orange pi/i iiii/t r. 



jj. Si-ales on mandible very rough ; color chielly brick-red. . niiniatus. 

 A/I. Cranial ridges more or less strong: skull comparatively thin; gill- 

 rakers generally short. 



A'. Postocular and tympanic spim-s both present ; interorbital 



space concave. (Si:i;.\ST( >.MfS 



Gill.) 



1. Cranial ridges broken and armed with acce^on spines (in 



the adult, nearly smooth in 

 young); second anal spine 

 scarcely longer than third; 

 color red, nearly plain, .rttln r. 



//. Cranial ridges smooth : second anal spine much longer than 



third; color rosy, with three .1 

 four round blot dies of pink on 

 sides of back. 

 m. Dorsal spines low, the hi-hest less than half the length 



of head. 

 n. Body everywhere with small round pale spots. 



consteUatus. 



