16 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY - IV. 

 1C. CENTROSCYJLI.IILTI Miiller & Hcnle, IS::?. 

 Black 



(Miillt-r A Hnilf. Systnnatisi-lie Beschn-ilniiig der Plagiostomen, 191; type 5/miax 



fiihrii-ii l.Vmli:inlt.) 



Teeth equal in both jaws, very small, straight, pointed, each with one 

 or two smaller cusps on each side at base; month crescent-shaped, \vith 

 a straight. oblique groove at its angle; spiracles moderate; gill-open- 

 ings rather narrow; dorsal fins small, each with a strong spine; the 

 .second dors;il entirely behind the ventrals. Onespecies. (//>->. spine ; 

 v, Scyll'nun, an allied genus, from azuMw, to rend or tear to pieces.) 



15 C. fabricii (KVinhardt) M. & IT. Black Dog-fah. 



Body covered with minute stellate ossifications; color dark brown. 

 A shark of the Greenland Seas, lately taken off Gloucester, Mass., by 

 the United States Fish Commission. 



(Spinaxfalntrii KYinliunlt, Dansk. Vid. Sclsk. Fiirh. 1828, iii, xvi; Giintlier, viii, 425.) 



1 1 . SQUAL.US Linnaeus, 1758. 



Dog-fishes. 



(Acantlna* Risso.) 

 (Artnli, Liimii'iis, Systonia Natm-a- : IVIK- Sijunhis (icanthias L.) 



i;<>dy ratlier slender; mouth little arched, with a long, straight, deep, 

 oblique groove on eaeh side; no labial fold along the margin of the 

 month; teeth rather small, equal in both jaws, their points SO much 

 turned aside that the inner margin forms the cutting edge; spiracles 

 rather wide, just behind the, eye; gill-openings narrow, in front of the 

 pectorals ; tins modeniiely deyeloped, the first dorsal larger than second, 

 much in ad\ ance of the \ entral fins, which are behind (lie middle of ! he 

 body. ;di huii-h in ad\ ance of the second dorsal. Small sharks, abound- 

 in- in the Temperate Seas. (Latin, xt]i<(tln*, a shark.) 

 ' 1>"! .1! -I'iin- ii'H ^rmtvcii ; Its inBertion rather behind inner angle of the pectorals, 

 1<>. S. :i<-:iiillii;is L. /;./..// I><, : i-tixl, ,- /,,/-. tixh ; Hone Dog; 8kitlh--<loi/ ; //". 



lJod\ >lender; snout ]>oiuted; head C>\ in length; depth about 8 ; 

 slate eulor ahovc. pale below, back with \\ hit ish spots, especially ftl the 

 \oiin--. L. 1 to .". led ; \\fiuht ." to IT. pounds. 



mall sharp toothed shark, ranging \\ idely in thc^ Atlant ic, y-ry 

 abundant aloii'j, the shores of the Northern and .Middle States. It is 

 someuhai \alued for its li\cis. fioni \\hich " I )og-lish " oil is extracted. 

 American writers ha\c usually considered our species (SyiiaUui ameri- 



