54C CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY IV. 



tin- spines stron-, usually depressible into a groove. Anal I'm similar to 

 soft doi>al, with "> spines. Yeiitrals thoracic, I, ?>, commonly \vith an ac 

 cesson scale-like appendage. Caudal I'm rounded or forked. Lateral 

 line continuous, not extruding upon the caudal fm. Pyloric cceca lew or 

 many. Air-bladder present, usually simple. Genera ~>~>; species about 

 l.'iO, abounding in the seas of temperate and tropical re-ions. Those 

 \\itli inci.vor teeth only are chietly herbivorous, the others carnivorous. 

 The three principal subdivisions given below have beeu often taken a> 

 separate families. 



(Sjinriilir, rrif-tiinniniliilr and Pen-ilia' pts. Guuther, i, 17f>-211, 272-339, and 412 1l>9, 



exclusive uf certain genera.) 



. Teeth all conical and pointed; no incisors nor molars, preopercle serrate; pylori.- 



cojca few; carnivorous. 

 b. Vomer with teeth. 



c. liorsal I'm det 'ply emaruinate ; teeth all vi Hi form, in narrow bands. (AVw/c/i- 



tlii/intr) Xr.McimiY-. 881. 



cc. Dorsal fiu continuous ; canines more or less developed. (Luljitnhm:) 



LUTJAXUS, 282. 



bb. VOIIIPT, palatines, and tongue toothless. 

 <?. Dorsal I'm eoiitinuous. 



e. Caudal tin lunate or forked ; profile convex. (Priaiipomatinai.) 

 /. Mouth small : dor-al and anal lins naked or scaly at base only. 



POM.UIASYS, -J-.".. 

 //'. Mouth lar^c; soft parts of dorsal and anal densely scaly throughout. 



1 M tJBABIS, 28 I. 

 ee. Caudal liu convex : profile concave. (LobotiiiO'.) 



It. Jaws with hands of \ illiforin teeth, in IVont of which are a series of 

 larger ones; no teeth ou vouieror palatines. 



Loi!'>i B8, 255. 



ltd. Teeth on the s'nlesof the jaws molar: prcopercle entire ; i>yloric circa lew ; no teeth 



on vomer. palatines, or tongue: carnivorous. ( S/mrhnr. 1 



/'. 1 'rout teeth conical, not at all COIP pressed SP\I:I B, -~li. 



/'/'. Front teeth compressed, iuciaor-like l>ii'i.oi>cs, -j-?. 



ana. Teeth in front incisor-like; no molars; jiylorie eieea many ; herbivorous. 



///. Voiner toothless: tins mostly scaleless. (din-lliim .) 



11. Incisors trilid; cheeks BCalyj opeivles naked; dorsal 



spines 1 I M I.'. GlKKLLA, 288, 



mm. Vomer with teeth; snfl tins densely seal\ : iuci-or.> lanceo- 

 late. ( I'iiin l< i>ti r'/ini ) 



o. Incisors \\ith hori/.ontal backward-project in^ roots, the 

 liaiidiil'small teeth behind them narrow. 



I'IMII i IM i 1:1 8, '-'-'.'. 



00. Incisurs without evident roots, the hand o!' small teeth 

 lroad ; soft dorsal and anal many-rayed, much longer 

 than spi is dorxil 8COBPI8, 290. 



2N1.-XE1VICIITIIYS fJill. 



((Jill, 1'roc. Aead. Mat. ScL I'hila. 1-V,:;, -J: ty|e \< ni<'lttlii/n jrniili (Jill, from Lower 



California.) 



r.i.dy moderately elongate, siibfusilbrm, compressed; head conic, little 

 compressed 5 eyes lar-e. anterior; preorbital rather narrow, oblique j 



