738 coxTKinrnoxs TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY iv. 



iu the air, like the true flying-fish, but for shorter distances. (y.ztalr n 

 head; a-wOa, spine.) 



. o.-riimt without filament. 



113. C. SpiEiarclBa (L.) Lac. Flying-robin; Bat-fish; Volador. 



Greenish olive and brown above, of varying shades; below pale, 

 marked irregularly with dusky and bright brick-red, varying to salmon- 

 \ellow; pectoral fins mottled with bright blue streaks near the base, 

 and blue spots and bars toward the tip; their under sides glaucous- 

 blue, edged with darker; caudal fin with about three brownish-red bars; 

 coloration extremely variable. First two dorsal spines free, slightly con- 

 nected by membrane at base; preopercular spine reaching beyond base. 

 of pectorals, not to end of occipital spine; pectorals reaching nearly to 

 base of caudal. Head 4^; depth 5 J. D. II-IV, 8; A. 6; P. 28, G. L. 

 IL' inches. Atlantic Ocean, on both coasts; abundant southward. 



(Gasterostcita xiiinarella L. Syst. Nat. i, 492 (young): Trif/la rolitanx Linn. Syst. N;it. 

 i, UH (adult): Triala roll tana Gmeliu, Syst. Nat. 178S, 1346: Daclylopterus rolitaiu 

 (iiinthcr, ii, 221: Daclylopterus volitans Liitkeu Spolia Atlautica, 1880, 417; Giiuther, 

 ii, 224.) 



FAMILY CIX. LIPARIDID^E. 



(The Sea Snails.} 



Body more or less elongate, subcyliudrical anteriorly, compressed 

 behind, covered with smooth skin, which is usually very lax. Head 

 broad, obtuse, the snout short; suborbital bone styliform behind, joined 

 to the preopercle, as in the Cottidcc; jaws with bands of small teeth, 

 which are usually tricuspid; no teeth on vomer or palatines; premaxil- 

 laries protractile, little movable; opercular bones unarmed; inter 

 opeivlr slender, ray-like, overlying the branchiostegals ; gill-openings 

 small, the membranes joined to the broad isthmus, and to the humeral 

 arch below, dills :\.\ ; no slit behind the last; pseudobranchi:;- rudi- 

 mentary or wanting; pyloric coeca numerous; no air-bladder; dorsal 

 iin rather long, the spines feeble and flexible, low, similar to the soft 

 rays; anal long, similar to the soft dorsal; ventral tins !..">. the two 

 completely united, and forming the bony center of an oval sucking- 

 disk; vcntrals sometimes entirely wanting: pectoral tins very broad, 

 the base procurrent: the outline usually emarginate, some of the lower 

 rjiys being produced: tail diph\ cereal ; caudal tin short, convex ; ver- 

 tebra- iL'-f.'iO. Cienera.'J; species about L'O. Small lishes, nearly all of 

 the northern seas. 



(Discoboli; group Lipuridina Giiuther, iii, 158-165.) 



