200 



BULLETIN 106, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



The genera of this family are: 

 Eucratea Lamouroux : 1812. 

 Gemellaria Savigny, 1811. 

 Scruparia Hincks, 1880. 



Huxleya Dyster, 1858. 

 Brettia Dyster, 1858. 



Genus GEMELLARIA Savigny, 1811. 



1811 GcmeUana SAVIGNY, Iconographie des Zoophytes de 1'Egypte. 



Zoarium erect, branching dichotomously, each branch given off from the sides 

 of the zooecia close to their upper extremity. Zooecia joined back to back and 



each pair arising from 

 the anterior extremity 

 of the preceding pair. 

 Opesia large sloping 

 slightly upward. Ovi- 

 cell ? (Robertson.) 



GEMELLARIA PRIMA Reuss. 



1865. 



Plate 32, figs. 22-24. 



1865. Gemellaria primn 

 REUSS, Fornffli- 

 uiferen, Antho- 

 zoen und Bryo- 

 zoeu des deut- 

 schen septarien- 

 thones, Denk- 

 schriften der k. 

 A k a d e in i e d 

 Wissenschaften, 

 vol. 25. p. 54, 

 pi. 7, figs. 6, 7. 



FIG. 53. Genus Gemellaria Savigny, 1811. 



A-C. Gemellaria loricata Linnaeus, 1778. A. Sketch of growth 

 habit, natural size. B. Portion of a branch, X 30, to show arrange- 

 ment of zooecia and method of branching; ap, aperture; op, oper- 

 culum. (A, B after Robertson, 1907.) C. Anatomical structure of 

 a zooecium. (After Van Beneden, 1845.) a, tentacles; b, pharynx; 

 c, oesophagus; d, stomach; c, intestine; /, particles contained in the 

 stomach. 



Affinities. The fi r s t 

 species of this genus 

 found fossil is Gemel- 

 laria (Dittosaria) wethe- 

 relli Busk, 18G6, of the English Londinian; it was figured anew in 1892 by 

 Gregory under the name of Notamia loethcrelli. The figures of Busk and of 

 Gregory do not at all coincide. However our American species differs from it in 

 the absence of areolae. 



It differs also in the same character from Gemellaria punctata Seguenza, 1879, 

 from the Helvetian of Italy. 



The eight fragments which we have found do not permit a detailed study. It 

 seems to us however (1) that the genus Dittosaria Busk, 1866, ought to be main- 

 tained for the three known fossil species; (2) that their place in the Anasca is doubt- 

 ful; (3) that this family, of which the larva is so near the Escharines, may.be 

 ranged in Ascophora in the vicinity of Catenariidae. 



