THE SESSILE BAENACLES. 149 



BALANUS BALANUS (Linnaeus). 



Plates 33, 34, 35. 



17."S. Lcp'ts luldiiny LI.\N.KI\S, Systema Nature, ed. 10, p. 667 ("ad littora 

 ocean I Eitropaci") ; see HANLKY, Ipsa Linnan OmchyHa, 1855, p. 18. 



1778. Jilfiftiiina] ptjrcufiis D\ COSTA, Historia Naturalis Testaceoruiu Bri- 

 tannia?, p. 249. 



1780. Lrpus ixila-nus Linnaeus, BORN, Testacea Musei Caesarei, p. 8, pi. 1, 

 fig. 4 (good). 



1789. Balanus sulcatus BKUGTJIERE, Encyclopedie Methodique, p. 163, pi. 

 164, fig. 1. 



1803. Lci>as costatus MONTAGU, Testacea Britannica, p. 11. 



1804. Lcpas balanus Linnaeus, DONOVAN, Natural History of British Shells, 

 pi. 30, fig. 1. 



1804. Lcpas costata DONOVAN, Natural History of British Shells, pi. 30, 



- fig- 2. 



1815. Lcpas scotica WOOD, General Conchology, p. 40, pi. 6, fig. 3. 

 1818. Balanus tessellatus SOWEKBY, Mineral Conchology, pi. 84. 

 1830. Balanus ycuiculatus CONKAD, Journal of the Academy of Natural 



Sciences of Philadelphia, vol 6, p. 265, pi. 11, fig. 16. 

 1844. Balanus communis BROWN, Illustrations of the Recent Conchology 



of Great Britain and Ireland, p. 120, pi. 53, fig. 23. 



1844. Balanus costatus Montagu, BKOWN, Illustrations of the Recent Con- 

 chology of Great Britain and Ireland, p. 120, pi. 54, figs. 2, 3. 

 1S54. Balanus porcatus E. da Costa, DAEWIN, Monograph, p. 256, pi. 6, 



figs. 4a-4e; Monograph on Fossil Balanidre, p. 21, pi. 1, figs. 5a-5ff. 

 1878. Balanus porcatus Da Costa, MIEES, Narrative of a Voyage to the 



Polar Sea, by Capt. S'r G. S. Nares, vol. 2, p. 247 (Cape Louis Napoleon, 



lat. 79 38' N., 50 fathoms; Richardson Bay, lat 80 2' N., 70 fathoms). 

 1897. Balanus porcatus Da Costa, WELTNEE, Verzeichnis der bisher be- 



schriebeneu receuten Cirripedienarten, Archiv f. Naturg., Jahrg. 1897, 



p. 267 (exclusive of Japanese records). 

 1900. Balanus porcatus Da Costa. WELTNEE, Fauna Arctica, vol. 1, pp. 



292-297, 303, pi. 8, figs. 1-12 (distribution and variation). 

 1911. Balanus porcatus Costa, SUMNEE, Biol. Survey Woods Hole and 



Vicinity, Bull. Bur. Fisheries, vol. 31, p. 646. 



Type. Collection of the Linnean Society of London. 



Distribution. Arctic and Xorth Atlantic Oceans, from 80 North 

 latitude, Franz Josef Archipelago to the English Channel, and in 

 America south to Long Island Sound. Bering Sea ; a variety in 

 Puget Sound. From low tide (in northern localities) to about 90 

 fathoms. English Pliocene ; Pleistocene of Sweden, Canada, and 

 Maine. 1 



According to Darwin its characters are as follows : 



Shell white, generally sharply ribbed longitudinally ; radii with their summits 

 almost parallel to the basis. Scutum longitudinally striated ; tergum with 

 the apex produced and [usually] purple. 



1 The records of this species from Campbell and Stewart Islands, New Zealand, were 

 undoubtedly based upon erroneous identifications. Weltner states that it does not exist 

 in the Mediterranean. 



4729 Bull. 93 1( 



