258 ORNITHOLOGY OF THE SCOTTISH NATIONAL ANTARCTIC EXPEDITION. 



since at its base the food-supply entirely ceases. This, too, explains why our familiar 

 Arctic Tern (Sterna macrura) passes the southern summer (our northern winter) amid 

 these ever-icy seas. 



Full particulars of the distribution of all the species collected or observed by the 

 Expedition south of 60 0' 8. during the voyages that I have thus briefly described will 

 be found in the systematic portion of this contribution, which is chiefly based upon the 

 information afforded by the Zoological Log of the " Scotia," kept by Mr Wilton, though I 

 am also indebted to Dr Bruce for extracts from his private diary relating to this 

 portion of the expedition under his leadership. 



Mr Kinnear has again earned my acknowledgments for the aid which he has 

 rendered me in classifying the numerous records. 



I shall have occasion to refer to the following works : 



WEDDELL. A Voyage totoards the South Pole, performed in the Years 1822-1824. By JAMES WEDDELL, 

 Master in the Royal Navy. (1825.) 



Ross. A Voyage of Discovery and Research in the Southern and Antarctic Regions during the Years 

 1839-43. By Capt. Sir JAMES CLARK Ross, R.N. Vol. ii. (1874.) 



SAUNDERS (1). Cala/ogue of Birds in the British Museum. Vol. xxv. Gaviae. By HOWARD SAUNDERS. 

 (1896.) 



SALVIN. Catalogue of Birds in the Britislt Museum. Vol. xxv. Tubinares. By OSBERT SALVIN. (1896.) 



CHUN. Aus den Tiefen des Weltmeers. Von CARL CHUN. (1900.) 



RAOOVITZA. La rie des Animaux et des Plantes dans I'Antarctique. Par EMILE G. RACOVITZA. (1900.) 



SAUNDERS (2). Antarctic Manual for the use of the Expedition of 1901. By HOWARD SAUNDERS. (1901.) 



SHAKPE. Report on the Collections of Natural History made in the Antarctic Regions during the Voyage 

 of the "Southern Cross" : Aves. By R. BOWDLER SBARPE, LL.D. (1902.) 



ANDERSON. " Das hohere Tierleben im antarktischcn Gebiete." Von K. A. ANDERSON. Wiss. 

 Ergelm. d. schwedischen Sudpolar-Exp. 1901-1903. Bd. v. Lfg. 2. (1905.) 



NORDENSKJOLD. Antarctica, or Two Years amongst the Ice of the South Pole. By Dr N. OTTO 

 NORDENSKJOLD and Dr JOH. GUNNAR ANDERSON. (1905.) 



LONNBEHG. "Die Vb'gel der schwedischen Siidpolar-Expedition." Von EINER LUNNBERG. Wiss. Ergelm. 

 d. schwed. Sildpolar-Exp. Bd. v. Lfg. 5. (1905.) 



VANHOFFEN. "Bericht liber die bei der deutschen Siidpolarexpedition beobacbteten Vbgel." Von Prof. 

 Dr E. VANHOFFEN. Journ. fur Orn., 1905, pp. 500-515. 



BROWN, MOSSMAN, and PIRIE. The Voyage of the " Scotia." By Three of the Stall' (1906). An excellent 

 and graphic account of the work of the Scottish National Antarctic Expedition. 



Aptcnodytes forsteri G. R. Gray. 

 Aptenadytes forsteri Cat. B., xxvi. p. 626. 



The occurrence of this bird as a visitor to the South Orkneys was considered 

 probable in 1903 (Ibis, 1906, p. 166), and the fact has since been fully confirmed by 

 the Argentine naturalists, who, Mr Mossman informs me, captured two specimens on 

 Laurie Island in March 1905. This establishes a record for the northern range, namely 

 60 44' S., of this species. 



On the first Antarctic voyage, in the early southern autumn of 1903, this species 

 was not observed until latitude 69 46' S. (20 58' W.) was reached. Here a male, 

 weighing 64 Ibs., was shot on February 21st, whose stomach contained cuttle-beaks, 



