FAMILY ZONITID^E 



4 1 



Arnouldia. fulva BOURGUIGNAT, Bull. Soc. Mai. de France., vn, p. 328, 1890. 

 Vitrea (Conulus) fulva E. A. SMITH, Journ. Conch. (Leeds), vi, No. x, p. 339, 



1891. 



Euconulus fulvMS WOODWARD, Brit. Nonmarine Moll., p. 353, 1903. 

 Helix egena SAY, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., v, p. 120, 1825. 

 Hyalina (Conulus) fulva BINNEY, Land and Freshw. Sh. of N. Am. part i, p. 



46, fig. 73, 1869. 

 Hyalinia (Conulus) trochiformis (MONTAGU) WESTERLUND, Nachr. Mai. Ges., 



xv, p. 173, Dec., 1883. 

 Trochulus trochiformis WESTERLUND, Fauna Pal. Reg., m te beilage, p. 16, 



1886. 

 Conulus chersinus MORSE, Journ. Portland Soc. N. Hist., i, p. 19, figs. 44, 



46, pi. II, fig. 4, pi. vn, fig. 45, 1864, not Helix chersina Say, 1821. 

 Conulus fulvus (MULLER), and var. alaskensis PILSBRY, Nautilus, xn, No. 



10, pp. 115-6, 1899. 

 uc0nutusfu/v us PILSBRY, Nautilus, xiv, Nov., 1900, p. 81. 



Variety fabricii (Beck). 



Helix nitida FABRICIUS, Fauna Gronl., p. 389, 1780, not of Miiller. 

 Helix (Petasia) fabricii BECK, Index, p. 21, 1837, nude name. MOLLER, 

 Index Moll. Groenl., p. 7, 1842. 



Range. Holarctic, and widely distributed south- 

 ward. 



Canada ; Manitoba at Carberry, Pine Creek, Pem- 

 bina, and Lake of the Woods ; in Alberta at Laggan, 

 Red Deer, Olds and McLeod ; English River, Kee- 

 watin ; California! Oregon! Washington! Victoria, 

 Vancouver Island ! Sitka, Alaska ; Unalaska ! Bering 

 Island, Bering Sea ! Petropavlovsk, Kamchatka ! 

 Pooten, Konyam and St. Lawrence Bays, eastern Siberia. 



Variety fabricii Moller. Greenland ! Ungava ! 

 Labrador. 



Variety alaskensis Pilsbry. Yukon drainage, Lake 

 Lindeman to Point Romanof and St. Michael, 

 Alaska ; Dyea valley, Southeastern Alaska ! 



This familiar little shell has had various vicissitudes 

 in nomenclature. The namefzttva Muller, by which 

 it is best known, was based, according to Beck, who 

 was custodian of Muller's types, upon Helix bidentata Gmelin, while 

 a shell which Muller supposed to be the young, but did not figure 

 or fully describe, was supposed by some of the early naturalists to be 

 our species. Another unfigured species, Helix trochulus Muller, was 

 thought by Dillwyn to be identical with our fulva, but the measure- 

 ments forbid the identification, and Pfeiffer came to the conclusion 

 that If. trochulus is identical with the young tip of Buliminus ob- 

 scurus. Fabricius supposed our shell to be identical with Helix 



FIG. 28. Eu- 

 conulus trochi- 

 formis ( magn i- 

 fied). 



FIG. 29. Eu- 

 conulus trochi- 

 formis var. fa- 

 bricii, \ (Green- 

 land). 



