326 MERRIAM 



connecting the two islands (see charts and photographs by 

 Cantwell, Doty, and Stoney, figs. 16, 17, 19, 20, and plate 

 facing p. 308). 



This spit or isthmus continued until the winter of 1890- 

 I89I, 1 when it was washed away, leaving a broad water 

 passage between the islands (figs. 22 and 23). The only 

 vestige remaining in the summer of 1891 was the north- 

 west end which then formed a flat beach along the south 

 end of the new volcano (see plate at beginning of article). 



The West Spit of Old Bogoslof. 



In 1891 an entirely new and very long spit pushed out 

 from the west side of Old Bogoslof and extended westerly 

 for about a mile, curving slightly northward at the end 

 (figs. 23 and 35). Its base was broadly attached to the 

 west side of the island (fig. 6). The date of its destruc- 

 tion is unknown, but in 1895, according to Ball's chart 

 (fig. 36), it had completely disappeared. 



The East Spit of Neiv Bogoslof. 



In 1895, according to Dall (fig. 36) a new spit, dry at 

 ebb tide, had formed on the east side of the new volcano, 

 whence it extended easterly about a mile, its tip curving 

 to the north. 



In 1899, when visited by the Harriman Expedition, the 

 conditions about the new volcano could not be clearly 

 made out, owing to the fog, but from a line of breakers it 

 was evident that a slightly sunken bar occupied essentially 

 the position laid down by Dall in 1895, except that it 

 curved to the southeast instead of the northeast, and 

 closely approached the old volcano. Dall states that such 

 spits may be formed or destroyed in a single winter storm. 



1 It was seen by the ' Corwin ' in 1885 (Healy), was sketched by Greenfield 

 in 1887, and photographed by the ' Albatross ' in 1890 (and mentioned by Cap- 

 tain Tanner in his report for that year). 



