CETONIINJE 275 



The huge Goliathus, feeding upon such material, reminds us of 

 certain whales subsisting solely upon minute marine animals 

 entangled in filaments of whalebone, as they speed through 

 planktonian waters. In Cremastocheilus, however, the mandibles 

 become larger and more visible. The mentum is very broad and 

 obtuse anteriorly, the ligular part not at all differentiated, and, in 

 Cremastocheilus, it assumes a very large oval concave form, quite 

 different from the anteriorly tumid plate seen in Argyripa; in 

 Cotinis, the large but flat plate is broadly and angularly emarginate 

 at apex. The labial palpi are inserted in fossae at the sides of the 

 broad anterior part of the mentum, the fovea disappearing in 

 Cremastocheilus. The antennae are lo-jointed, with a 3-jointed 

 club as in the two preceding subfamilies. 



The prothorax is as a rule much narrowed arcuately from about 

 the base to the apex, but the base affects several different forms; 

 in the Gymnetids, for example, the greatly produced median lobe 

 covers all of the scutellum, or at most leaves but the apex of the 

 latter exposed. The mes-epimera are generally large and convex, 

 and, from a dorsal point of view, intervene conspicuously between 

 the humeri and thoracic base, but in the Trichiids they become 

 thin and not or scarcely visible from above, as in some of the 

 Anomalids. The prosternal post-coxal process is generally obsolete, 

 the tarsi slender, with equal simple claws and organs of stridulation 

 are almost invariably wanting. Most of the species in flying do not 

 elevate the elytra, but slip the wings out from under them. The 

 last abdominal spiracle is more posterior in position in the Cremasto- 

 cheilids. The sexes are scarcely to be distinguished as a rule, 

 though there are certain special cases where sexual identity becomes 

 very apparent, as in the lustre of the under surface in the chevrolati 

 section of Gymnetis. The tip of the abdomen seldom affords a 

 distinct clue to the sex of the individual, though the apex of the 

 last segment is apt to be slightly more truncate at the middle 

 in the male, and there is sometimes a feeble concavity along the 

 median line of the abdomen in that sex, as well as an evidently 

 longer antennal club; in Allorhina the anterior margin of the cly- 

 peus is armed only in the male, which distinguishes this genus from 

 Cotinis, where the armature is common to the sexes. 



It is in this subfamily especially, that numerous cross affinities 



