FLATFISHES. NORMAN. 



Anal tin similar to dorsal. Pectoral tin of ocular side 

 more strongly developed than that of blind side. Scales 

 small or of moderate size, ctenoid or cycloid. Lateral 

 line developed on both sides of body, with a strong 

 curve anteriorly. 



Several species from the Indo-Pacific ; nine known 

 from Australia. 



Synopsis of Australian Species. 



I. Origin of dorsal well in front of both nostrils of blind side; 

 a line connecting base of first dorsal ray with posterior 

 nostril, if continued, passes above hinder end of maxillary; 

 dorsal profile of head markedly convex; gill-rakers 

 "palmate" 1- spinosus 



II. Origin of dorsal behind, above, or a little in front of nostrils 

 of blind side; a line connecting base of first dorsal ray 

 with posterior nostril, if continued, crosses the maxillary; 

 dorsal profile of head straight or notched in front of eyes. 



A. Scales of ocular side cycloid; no anterior canine teeth; 



gill-rakers longer than broad 2. tenuirastrum 



B. Scales of ocular side ctenoid. 



I.Gill-rakers "palmate"; 3 or more double ocelli on body. 



a. Depth 2 to 2| in the length; maxillary extending 



almost to below posterior border of eye or beyond, 

 length 2 to 2i in head; anterior teeth of both jaws 

 forming strong canines, 4 to 8 teeth on blind side 

 of lower jaw 3. diplospilus 



b. Depth 2V, to 2 in the length; maxillary extending 



to below middle of eye or beyond, length 2J to 2| 

 in head; anterior teeth of jaws not greatly 

 enlarged, 13 to 22 teeth on blind side of lower 

 jaw 4. dupliciocellatus 



2. Gill-rakers pointed, longer than broad; no conspicuous 

 double ocelli. 



a. Origin of dorsal above or a little in front of nostrils 



of blind side, and well in advance of eye. 



* Anterior teeth of both jaws enlarged and canine- 



like; 72-79 dorsal rays 5. arsius 



** Anterior teeth scarcely enlarged; 68-72 dorsal 

 rays 6. elevatus 



b. Origin of dorsal just behind posterior nostril of blind 



side, and above or very slightly in advance of 

 anterior part of eye. 



* 14-16 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior 



arch 7. argus 



** 7-10 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. 

 t Gill-rakers rather short and stout; 67-75 scales 



in a longitudinal series .... 8. multimaculatus 

 tt Gill-rakers rather long and slender; 84 scales 



in a longitudinal series 9. anomalus 



