THE FACE 



319 



CHAPTER V 



THE FACE 



THE part of the skull which lies beneath and in front of the 

 cranial cavity, and hence does not surround the brain, forms the bony 



face (Fig. 247). 



FIG. 247. 



THE FACE. 



A, side view of the skull, bones of the face black. B, diagrammatic transverse section, showing relations of the 



nasal cavity, N; the orbital cavities, ; and the mouth, M. 



It is made up of sixteen bones, arranged in two groups. 

 (1) Above are two lateral masses, popularly called the upper jaws, 

 which are immovably united with the cranium. They comprise the 

 following fifteen bones, which constitute the anterior part of the walls 

 of the nasal cavity and expand laterally to enclose partially the orbital 

 cavities. 



Nasal. Nasal. 



Premaxillary. Premaxillary. 

 Maxillary. ^ ^ Maxillary. 



'-v "? 



Malar. Lachrymal. ^ "6^ Lachrymal. Malar. 



Palatine. ? \^ Palatine. 







o> 



a 



o 



\ 



(2) Below are the two lower jaws, united to form the single 

 mandible, which is movably fastened to the cranium and, with the 

 lower part of the upper jaws, forms the framework of the mouth. 



To the face proper may be added the eleven slender rods forming 



