THE FACE 



395 



The measurements of the entire mandible may be made as follows : 



The width is taken (1) between the inner ends of the condyles ; 

 (2) between the tips of the coronoid processes ; (3) between the inner 

 edges of the angles ; (4) between the tips of the canine teeth ; (5) 

 between the posterior cusps of the molars ; and (6) between the outer 

 edges of the canine alveoli. 



The superior length of the mandible is the distance from the 

 median point of the anterior edge of the alveolar border to the middle 

 of an imaginary transverse line through the posterior edges of the 

 condyles. 



The inferior length is the distance from the posterior lower end of 

 the symphysis to the same point on the posterior transverse line. 



VARIATIONS IN FORM AND DEVELOPMENT. 



In the alveolar border, the sockets for the incisors are frequently 

 irregular ; that for the middle incisor is usually behind the other two. 

 The other alveoli are very constant ; in one specimen examined the 



