362 



MAMMALIAN ANATOMY 



the lateral ethmoid ; its posterior border is wide and occupied by the 

 lachrymal groove. 



The palatine process is attached to the body at a right angle ; it is 

 not horizontal, however, but arches from the front upward and back- 

 ward, so that its posterior part is much above the alveolar border. Its 

 inferior surface is pierced by small vascular foramina, and is usually 

 separated from the adjoining surface of the body by a groove for the 

 anterior palatine nerve and the posterior palatine vessels. 



The two anterior palatine foramina together constitute the anterior 

 palatine fossa, which contains four passages, whereof the two lateral 

 and larger, known as Stenson's 1 canals, lodge mucous membrane and 

 the remnants of Jacobson's organs ; the two median passages, the 

 foramina of Scarpa, 2 are arranged one in front of the other and 

 transmit the naso-palatine nerves. 



The malar process is triangular, and, with its ridge-like downward 

 prolongation, separates the facial from the zygomatic surface. 



THE MALAR BONES. 



General Description. The Malars form the bony cheeks and 

 the anterior half of the zygomatic arches which connect the sides of 

 the face with the cranium (Fig. 282) ; they therefore form the entire 



FIG. 282. 



POSITION OF LEFT MALAR BONE. SIDE VIEW. 



outer walls of the orbits and portions of the outer boundaries of the 

 zygomatic fossse. 



Each malar is a thin, somewhat quadrilateral band, whereof the 

 posterior-inferior angle is produced into a slender process, and the 



1 Stenson (A.D. 1638-1687). 



Scarpa (A.D. 1747-1832). 



