PELVIC LIMBS 741 



Anglicized Latin names used by English and American anatomists ; 



(2) the Latin names used by European Continental anatomists ; and 



(3) the more general names adopted by comparative anatomists. 



12 3 



Astragalus. Talus. Tibiale. 



( Intermedium. 

 Calcaneum. Calcaneum. 



( 1 ibulare. 



Navicular or Scaphoid. Scaphoideum. Centrale. 



Internal cuneiform. Entocuneiforme. Tarsale I. 



Middle cuneiform. Mesocuneiforme. Tarsale II. 



External cuneiform. Ectocuneiforme. Tarsale III. 



Cuboid. Cuboideus. Tarsale IV. V. 



THE ASTRAGALUS. 



General Description. The Astragalus is the dorsal bone in the 

 proximal row of the tarsus (Fig. 559). It is not so large as the cal- 

 caneum, but is much larger than any one of the other tarsal bones. s 

 It is easily known by its stout, square body, which bears on its dorsal 

 surface the large, pulley-like articular surface for the tibia, and also 

 by its head, which is separated from the body by a neck and projects 

 prominently from the rest of the bone. The astragalus alone of all 

 the tarsals enters into the formation of the ankle-joint, and to it is 

 transmitted through the tibia the weight of the body. While it covers 

 the middle part of the calcaneum, it leaves uncovered the distal part 

 and the fibular side of the proximal part. It possesses six surfaces, 

 the dorsal, the fibular, the plantar, the tibial, the distal, and the 

 proximal. 



The dorsal surface (Fig. 560) is divided into three parts, that of 

 the bone proper, that of the neck, and that of the head. The first of 

 these parts is nearly square, and is occupied by the trochlea. 



The trochlea is shaped like a segment of a pulley ; it is convex 

 from before backward, and exhibits high, sharp sides and a deep 

 central groove. The surfaces sloping from the edges to the bottom of 

 the groove are convex from side to side ; the surface on the fibular side 

 is wider, flatter, and higher than that on the tibial side and has a more 

 clearly defined external margin. The groove, therefore, lies near the 

 tibial margin of the surface. The trochlea does not lie in the same 



