LIST OF ILLUSTKATIONS 



xni 



FIGURE PAGE 



146. Left temporal bone, inner surface, 



petrous portion removed .... 214 



147. Superior surface of left auditory bulla 215 



148. The skull, transverse section through 



external auditory meatus, seen 

 from behind 217 



149. Transverse vertical section of skull, 



through external auditory meatus 219 



150. Left ear ossicles in position, superior 



medial aspect 220 



151. Left ear ossicles in position, inferior 



medial aspect 221 



152. Left malleus, medial aspect .... 222 



153. Left malleus, posterior aspect . . . 222 



154. Left malleus, lateral aspect .... 222 



155. Left malleus, anterior aspect . . . 223 



156. Left incus, lateral aspect 224 



157. Left incus, anterior aspect 224 



158. Left incus, medial aspect 224 



159. Left stapes, inferior aspect .... 224 



160. Metal cast of left bony labyrinth and 



auditory bulla, medial aspect . . 226 



161. Left petrous, inferior aspect .... 228 



162. Left petrous, inferior surface re- 



moved 229 



163. Metal cast of the left bony labyrinth, 



lateral aspect 230 



164. Left petrous, medial aspect .... 231 



165. Left petrous, medial aspect, pos- 



terior surface removed 232 



166. Transverse section of left petrous, 



posterior aspect 232 



167. Section of left petrous transverse to 



long axis, posterior aspect .... 233 



168. Section of left petrous transverse to 



long axis, anterior aspect .... 234 



169. Oblique section through left petrous, 



showing cochlea, inferior aspect . 235 



170. Longitudinal vertical section through 



left temporal, lateral aspect . . . 235 



171. Metal cast of the left bony laby- 



rinth, lateral aspect 236 



172. Section of left petrous through supe- 



rior and posterior borders, medial 



aspect 236 



173 Transverse vertical section through 



left temporal, posterior aspect . . 237 



174. Transverse longitudinal section 



through left temporal, inferior 

 aspect 238 



175. Human right temporal bone, ex- 



ternal view. (Leidy) 243 



176- Human left temporal bone, internal 



view. (Leidy) 244 



177. Human left temporal bone, inferior 



view. (Leidy) 246 



178. Human temporal bone, longitudinal 



section through the tympanum. 

 (Toldt) 247 



FIGURE PAGE 



179. Human temporal bone, section 



through tympanum, carotid canal, 

 and aquaeductus Fallopii. (Toldt) 247 



180. Position of the sphenoid bone . . . 249 



181. The sphenoid bone, cranial or upper 



aspect 250 



182. Presphenoid and orbitosphenoids, 



inner or upper surface 251 



183. The skull, left side, zygoma and 



lower jaw removed to show orbit 253 



184. Presphenoida and orbitosphenoids, 



outer or lower surface 254 



185. The sphenoid bone, viewed from 



the front and the right side . . . 255 



186. The skull, transverse section just 



behind posterior nares, seen from 



in front ? . 256 



187. Posterior sphenoid, superior surface 258 



188. Left alisphenoid, inner aspect . . . 260 



189. Basisphenoid, outer or lower surface 262 



190. The sphenoid bone, external or 



lower aspect 263 



191. Left alisphenoid, lower aspect . . . 264 



192. Left alisphenoid, outer aspect . . . 265 



193. Human sphenoid bone, upper view. 



(Leidy) 271 



194. Human sphenoid bone, front view. 



(Leidy) 271 



195. Human skull, seen partly in front 



and on the right side. (Leidy) . 272 



196. Human sphenoid bone, inferior as- 



pect, (Toldt) 273 



197. Human sphenoid bone, posterior 



aspect. (Toldt) 274 



198. Position of left frontal bone .... 276 



199. Transverse vertical section of the 



skull through the spheroidal fis- 

 sure, seen from behind 276 



200. The cranium, viewed from in front, 



below, and the left side 277 



201. Left frontal bone, outer surface . . 278 



202. Left frontal bone, outer aspect . . . 279 



203. Left frontal bone, inner surface . . 280 



204. Left frontal bone, anterior view . . 281 



205. Roof and part of anterior wall of 



nasal chamber, ethmoid removed 281 



206. The skull, cranial cavity from above 283 



207. Transverse vertical section of skull, 



through orbits, seen from behind 284 



208. Human frontal bone, external view. 



(Leidy) 288 



209. Human frontal bone, internal view. 



(Leidy) 289 



210. Bones of the face with ethmoid in 



position, viewed from above, be- 

 hind, and the right side 290 



211. The ethmoid and voiner, left side, 



outer surface 292 



212. Lateral ethmoid, external surface . 293 



