IV 



FERMES ONTOGENY OF THE JI'UL'MX 



273 



head nephridia of the Tfoi-JinjiJnn'/i. lies on each side. These become the permanent 

 nephridia of the adult Phoronis. The Actinotoocha thus formed sinks to the lioiiom 

 of the sea ; the invaginated trunk protrudes and grows quickly, the mid-gut at the 

 same time entering it and forming a loop with ascending and descending limbs. 

 The whole prostomium, with the neural plate and the larval tentacles, are thrown 

 off and devoured by the young Phoi-inns. Through all these processes the body 

 has approached the adult stage ; it is quite evident that by the protrusion and 

 rapid growth of the trunk, and the comparatively slight growth of the rest of the 

 original larval body, the anus comes to lie dorsally near the mouth. This process 

 readily allows of being referred back to the similar process in Sijitniculus, only there 

 tin- rudiment of the trunk is never invaginated into the larval body. 



Brachiopoda. The free-swimming larva of Argiope, (Fig. 183) consists of three 

 consecutive divisions, which are called the anterior, middle, and posterior segments. 



B 



FIG. iss.A, free - swimming, H, 

 attached larva of Argiope, from 

 alxivi- (after Kowalewsky). vs, An- 

 terior segment ; ms, middle segment ; 

 hs, posterior segment ; ?, mantle ; 

 md, mid-gut ; wk, ciliated organ. 



m 



t 

 SU 



en 



Rd 



-md, 



Fic,.lS4. Vertical median 

 longitudinal section through 

 an advanced embryo of Lin- 

 gula, after Brooks, m, Mantle 

 folds ; sil, dorsal, si', ventral 

 shell; t, tentacles ; mh, man- 

 tle cavity; Ih, body cavity; 

 st, stomod;eum ; o, month : 

 md, mid-gut; lid, hind-gut ; m 

 (below), shell muscles. 



The anterior segment is umbrella -shaped, and carries anteriorly 4 eyes. The 

 margin of the umbrella has longer cilia than the rest of the body. The middle 

 segment has dorsal and ventral folds directed posteriorly, and covering the posterior 

 At each side of the free edge of the ventral fold two bundles of set;e are 



segment. 



VOL. I 



