534 



COMPARATIVE ANATOMY 



CHAP. 



are on each side two testicle tubes connected together by anastomoses. These two 

 tubes unite anteriorly to form a sperm duct, which, joining the duct from the other 

 side, opens outwardly at the place where, in the female, the genital aperture lies. 

 Paired accessory organs are connected with the ducts, viz. copulatory organs, seminal 

 vesicles, and glands. 



Pseudoscorpionidae. The ovary is an unpaired tube beset with follicles, which is 

 continued into two oviducts entering a short vagina. Numerous unicellular, and 2 

 long tangled tubular glands are connected with the vagina. 



The testes in Cherncs and Obisium recall in their form the ovaries of the Scor- 

 2rionidce. In Chelifer, on the contrary, we find a single median testicle tube. There are 

 everywhere 2 sperm ducts, entering a common copulatory apparatus, with which are 

 connected glands similar to those in the female. The unpaired genital aperture lies 

 ventrally in both sexes on the boundaries between the 2d and 3d abdominal segments. 



FIG. 376. Male sexual apparatus of various Arachnoidea. Most of the figures are somewhat 

 diagrammatic. A, Scorpio occitanus (after Blanchard). B, Galeodes barbarus. (."', Galeodes 

 nigripalpis (after Dufour). D, Philoica domestica (Araneid) (after Bertkau). E, Pentastoma 

 taenioides, only the anterior end of the testes drawn (after Leuckart). F, Uropoda (Acarid) (after 

 Winkler). (!, Trombidium fuliginosum (Acarid) (after Henking). H, Phalangium opilio (after 

 Krohn). /, Gamasus crassipes (Acarid) (after Winkler). The letters in all cases signify : t, testes 

 (dotted) ; vd, vasa deferentia ; sb, seminal vesicle ; j), penis ; a, glandular appendages ; as, tubular 

 appendages ; ab, vesicular appendages ; be, bursa expulsatoria ; c, cirrus ; cb, cirrus pouch. 



Solpugidse. The female sexual apparatus (Fig. 375, B) consists of 2 long ovarial 

 tubes beset at their outer edges with numerous ovarian follicles, and placed in the 

 abdomen. From each ovary there arises an oviduct. The 2 oviducts unite, their 

 ends swelling. The external genital aperture is a longitudinal fissure on the ventral 

 side of the first abdominal segment. 



The male apparatus (Fig. 376, B, C] consists of 2 thin and very long winding 

 testicle tubes on each side of the abdomen, and quite separate from each other. These 

 testicle tubes are continued into sperm ducts. The 2 sperm ducts of one side unite 

 after a longer or shorter course into one duct, which, joining that from the other 

 side, opens externally through a common aperture, which lies ventrally on the first 

 abdominal segment. The ducts have either 4 or 2 swellings, regarded as seminal 



