268 LARKS 



ditions, the northern ones encountering snow, and the Mexican ones 

 such intense desert heat that they are sometimes seen with mouths 

 open standing in rows in the shade of fence posts and weeds. 



474b. O. a. praticola Hensh. PRAIRIE HORNED LARK. 



" Like leucoltema but darker, less ochraceous above, the superciliary 

 stripe usually without yellow." (Oberholser.) 



Distribution. Breeds from southern Canada to Pennsylvania and Kansas, 

 and from Maine to eastern Nebraska ; migrates to the- Carolinas and Texas ; 

 casually west to Colorado and Arizona. 



474c. O. a. arenicola Hensh. DESERT HORNED LARK. 



Arenicola and leucolcema are identical forms, as has been shown by the 

 rediscovery of the type of leucolcema. (See Oberholser, pp. 822, 823.) 



474d. O. a. giraudi Hensh. TEXAN HORNED LARK. 



Upper parts grayish (especially in female) ; male with superciliary, 

 throat, and breast usually pale yellow, breast usually marked with gray- 

 ish brown in both sexes. Male : length (J.50-G.75, wing about 3.80-3.85, 

 tail 2.60. Female : length 5.80-6.00, wing about 3.50, tail 2.35. 



Distribution. Coast region of Texas and northeastern Tamaulipas, from 

 Galveston Bay to the Rio Grande. 



474e. O. a. chrysolsema (WagL). MEXICAN HORNED LARK.* 



Upper parts ruddy, more brownish in female ; nape, shoulders, and rump 

 light ruddy brown in marked contrast to back ; breast pure white, un- 

 marked in both sexes. Male : length (5.75-7.25, wing 3.80-4.15, tail 2.80- 

 3.00. Female : length 6.50-7.00, wing 3.75-3.80, tail 2.70-2.80. 



Distribution. Coast district of California and south to Lower Cali- 

 fornia. 



474f. O. a. rubea Hensh. RUDDY HORNED LARK.' 2 



Similar to chrt/xolir ma, but smaller and brighter colored; whole upper 

 parts ruddy, colors of nape merging into those of back ; forehead, super- 

 ciliary, and throat yellowish ; sides marked with reddish brown. Male : 

 length 6.50-7.00, wing 3.70-4.10, tail 2.60-2.90. Female : length 6.00-6.50. 

 wing 3.50-3.70, tail 2.35-2.65. 



Distribution. Sacramento and San Joaquin valleys, California. 



474g. O. a. strigata Hensh. STREAKED HORNED LARK. S 



Back heavily streaked with black in sharp contrast to deep ruddy nape ; 

 under parts partly or wholly yellow. Mulr : length 6.75-7.25, wing 3.70- 

 4.10. tail 2.70-3.05. Female: length 6.25-6.50, wing 3.60-3.85, tail 2.50- 

 2.80'. 



1 The California bird lias been found to be separable from chnjsolivma of Mexico and 

 has been named 0. . tictiu by Mr. Oberholser. 



- (Hut-arts cdpestris ammophila Oberholser. 



Like nilit'ii, but neck and back paler, less reddish. 



Distribution. In summer, the Mohave Desert, north to Owens Valley, south to the 

 Mexican boundary line. 



'' (>ti>r<>i-ix ii//n's/ris insulin-is Tmvnsend. ISLAND HORNED LAKK. 



Like stn'i/n/ii, but without yellow tinge on nndei parts ; much darker than cftri/so- 

 Icenut, with streaks on back sharper, and sides much darker. 

 . The Santa Barbara Islands, California. 



