DARTERS CORMORANTS 39 



coverts without light-colored patch, but rump with gray or whitish patch 

 on side. Wing: 5.80-6.38, tail 3.07-3.42, forked for .71-.92, bill .5S-.65. 



Distribution. From islands of western coast of Mexico north to San 

 Diego, California. 



ORDER STEGANOPODES : TOTIPALMATE 



SWIMMERS. 



(FAMILIES ANHIXGID^, PHALACROCORACID^E, PELECAXID.E, 



FREGATIDJE, ETC.) 



FAMILY ANHINGIDJE: DARTERS. 



GENUS ANHINGA. 



118- Anhinga anhinga (Linn.). ANHINGA. J^ATER TURKEY. 



Bill straight and sharp ; form extremely slender, tail long and rigid, 

 without upper coverts. Adult male in breeding plumage : glossy greenish 

 black : back of head and sides of neck with long white or grayish filaments, 

 and back of neck with black hair-like mane ; shoulders and base of wings 

 finely spotted with gray, wing crossed with wide gray band ; back striped 

 with pearl gray ; tail tipped with brownish. Adult male in winter : head and 

 neck without elongated filaments. Adult female in breeding plumage : 

 similar to male but head and neck brown, throat and breast buffy. Young : 

 lower back, tail, and quills black ; head and rest of body brown except for 

 buffy or whitish throat and breast, and gray streaking on wing coverts. 

 Length : 32.25-36.00, wing about 14. tail 11. bill 3.25. 



Distribution. -- From tropical America north in Lower Sonoran zone to 

 South Carolina, southern Illinois, Texas, western Mexico, and casually to 

 Kansas. 



FAMILY PHALACROCORACIDJE : CORMORANTS. 



GENUS PHALACROCORAX. 



General Characters. --Bill slender and abruptly hooked at tip; mouth 

 opening back under eye ; skin around eye and at base of lower mandible 

 naked ; head smooth or variously crested. 



KEY TO SPECIES. 



1. Tail of 14 feathers, head never crested .... penicillatus, p. 41. 

 1'. Tail of 12 feathers, head with or without crest. 

 2. Flanks without white patch. 



3. Size large, wing- over 11. a slender crest over each eye in breeding 

 plumage. 



4. Crests entirely black dilophus, p. 40. 



4'. Crests mainly white. 



5. Larger, wing 13 or more. Breeds in Alaska. 



cihciiiatus, p. 40. 

 5'. Smaller, wing' 13 or less. Breeds in Oregon and California. 



albociliatus, p. 40. 

 3'. Size small, wing' under 10.50, head without crests. 



mexicanus, p. 41. 



