266 LARKS 



edged inside with dark brown ; chest brownish buffy. indistinctly streaked 

 or spotted with tawny. 



Distribution. Europe and portions of Asia and Africa; introduced and 

 naturalized in Oregon. 



Nest. On ground in meadows or open grassy places. Eggs : 3 to 0, 

 buffy whitish or pale grayish brown, thickly speckled with brown. 



GENUS OTOCORIS. 



General Characters. Crown with horn-like erectile tufts ; primaries 

 apparently only nine ; tail nearly even ; bill conoid, acute ; tarsus round 

 behind, in young divided into plates on back ; hind claw equal to or longer 

 than its toe, nearly straight. 



KEY TO ADULT MALES IN SUMMER. 



Fig. 343. 



1. Upper parts pale grayish brown or pinkish. 



2. Upper parts uniform scorched brown or pinkish. Central southern 

 Arizona ............... adusta. p. 26U. 



2'. Back of neck pinkish, contrasting with back. 



3. Throat usually white or whitish. To Utah in winter. 



leucolaema 1 (arcticola of Oberholser), p. 206. 

 3'. Throat usually yellowish. Great Plains and Great Basin. 



4. Superciliary yellow. Coast of Texas . . . giraudi, p. 268. 

 4 . Superciliary white. 



5. Back paler. Western United States. 



areiiicola- (leucolcema of Oberholser), p. 268. 

 5'. Back darker. Eastern United States . . praticola, p. 268. 

 1 . Upper parts dark brown and ruddy or pinkish. 

 2. Back heavily streaked with blackish. 



3. Back of neck ruddy brown ....... strigata, p. 268. 



3\ Back of neck pinkish ......... merrilli, p. 269. 



2'. Back not heavily streaked with blackish. 



3. Back of neck light ruddy brown. Coast of California. 



chrysolaema 8 (actia of Oberholser), p. 268. 



3'. Back of neck deep ruddy brown. Sacramento and San Joaquin 

 valleys, California .... . rubea. p. 2<5S. 



474a. Otocoris alpestris leucolaema (Cones). PALLID HORNED 



LARK. 4 



Adult male in breeding plumage. Front of crown, horn-like tufts, lores, 



iiii of authors (not of Cones) lias been named (ircticvla by Mr. Oberholser. 

 (See Oberholser, "A Review of the Larks of the Genus Otocoris," Proc. U. S. Xut. 

 Max., vol. xxiv. pp. 801-8S4.) 



2 This should stand as Inn-ohi nut of Cones. 



:! C/iri/.w/iriiiti has been restricted to Mexico, and the California coast bird referred to 

 this race has been named (it-tin by Mr. Oberholser. 



4 This is the same subspecies as tirfn/co/n of Henshaw. 



Otocoris (il/ifxtriK leucausiplila Oberholser. 



Palest of American horned larks. Like Irucolfema, but smaller and with more uniform 

 upper parts. 



Distribution. Extreme southwestern Arizona, extreme southeastern corner of Cali- 



