WOOD WARBLERS 413 



on back and scapulars ; yellow crown patch concealed by brown tips to 

 feathers ; throat and chest brownish white or buffy brown, chest streaked 

 with black ; yellow patches obscured, black patches with white edges to 

 feathers. Adult female in fall and w inter : like winter male, but smaller, 

 upper parts browner, yellow crown patch restricted or obsolete ; under 

 parts pale buffy brown in front and on sides ; median parts of breast and 

 belly yellowish white ; yellow breast patches indistinct or obsolete. Young, 

 Jirst plumage : streaked above and below ; wing's and tail much as in 

 adults. Male: length (skins) 4.72-5.51, wing 2.76-3.07, tail 1.07-2.36, 

 bill .35-.43. Female: length (skins) 4.65-5.51. wing 2.64-2.95, tail 2.02- 

 2.32, bill .32-.41. 



Remarks. - - The yellow-rumped and Audubon warblers are similar, but. 

 can be distinguished by the throat, which is white in coronata and yellow 

 in auduboni. 



Distribution. North America, chiefly east and north of Rocky Moun- 

 tains (to Hudson Bay region), straggling westward to the Pacific; breeds 

 from Alaska to northern United States, wintering from southern New 

 England and the Ohio valley south to the West Indies and Panama ; 

 accidental in Greenland and eastern Siberia. 



Ifest. Usually low in coniferous trees, made of grasses, twigs, and root- 

 lets, lined with finer grasses, feathers, and hair. Eggs : 3 to 6, white, 

 creamy, or buffy, spotted or blotched chiefly on or around larger end with 

 brown and lilac, sometimes mixed with small black markings. 



Food. Insects, their eggs and larva?, and wild berries. 



The yellow-rump, the eastern representative of the Audubon 

 warbler, migrates through Colorado, and Prof. Cooke says it is not 

 uncommon for two or three weeks on the plains along the foothills 

 of the Rocky Mountains, where a few range up to 9000 feet. It mi- 

 grates from ten days to two weeks ahead of auduboni, but in May 

 the two species are often found together. 



656. Dendroica auduboni (Towns.). AUDUBON WARBLER. 



Adult male in spring and summer.-- Throat and rump yellow ; under parts 

 with patches of white, yellow, and solid black ; upper parts bluish gray, 

 streaked with black ; wing coverts with 

 large white patches ; tail black, inner 

 webs of four or five outer feathers with 

 large subterminal patch of white. Adult 

 female in spring and summer : like sum- 

 mer male, but duller, and with less black 

 on under parts : upper parts usually more 

 or less tinged with brown : yellow crown 

 patch restricted, and partly tipped with 

 brownish gray ; wings with narroAver 

 bands ; chest and sides grayish, marked 

 with black ; color patches restricted. 

 Adult male in fall and it-inter: duller 

 and browner than summer males, upper 

 parts washed with brown, wing mark- 

 ings tinged with brown ; black of chest 



and sides mostly concealed by brownish white edges to feathers. Adult 

 female in fall and winter : like winter male, but smaller and duller, back 

 without sharply defined streaks ; yellow patches paler and more restricted ; 



