480 APPENDIX 



4. Wings and tail metallic .... MAGPIES ; see Pica, p. 269. 

 4'. Wings and tail not metallic. 



5. Sides brown . . . (part of) TOWHEES ; see Pipilo, p. 363. 

 5'. Sides not brown. 



6. Sides pinkish or buffy . (part of) JUNCOS ; see Junco, p. 345. 

 6'. Sides white like belly. 



BLACK PHCEBES ; see Sayornis, p. 254. 

 3'. Under parts not white. 



4. Head yellow or brown, in contrast to black body. 



5. Head yellow . . . YELLOW-HEADED BLACKBIRD, p. 288. 



5'. Head brown COWBIRDS ; see Molothrus, p. 287. 



4'. Head partly or wholly black like body. 



5. Back of head whitish or buffy brown . , BOBOLINK, p. 286. 

 5'. Head wholly black. 



6. Wings conspicuously marked with red. 



RED-WINGED BLACKBIRDS; see Agelaius, p. 289. 

 6'. Wings conspicuously marked with white. 



7. Crested ; white patch on quills . PHAINOPEPLA, p. 390. 

 7 . Not crested ; white patch on coverts. 



LAKK BUNTING, p. 377. 

 1'. Plumage not mainly or wholly black. 

 2. Under parts partly or wholly yellow. 



3. Head and neck red LOUISIANA TANAGER, p. 379. 



3'. Head and neck not red. 



4. Back streaked on brownish or grayish. 

 5. Chest with black patch or crescent. 



6. Under parts deep yellow, except for black crescent. 



MEADOWLARKS ; see Sturnella, p. 292. 

 6'. Under parts mainly or partly white. 



7. Under parts white or pale yellow, except for black chest 

 patch ; wings without brown patch. 



HORNED LARKS, see Otocoris, p. 266. 

 7. Breast bright yellow; throat patch black; Avings with 



brown patches DICKCISSEL, p. 377. 



5'. Chest without black crescent, under parts black, white, and 



yellow AUDUBON WARBLER, p. 413. 



4'. Back not streaked on brownish or grayish. 

 5. Head and breast gray ; tail black. 



ARKANSAS AND CASSIN KINGBIRDS ; see Tyrannus, pp. 



248. 249. 



5'. Head and breast not gray ; tail not always black. 

 6. Plumage largely black and brown. 



BLACK-HEADED GROSBEAK, p. 372. 



6 . Plumage almost wholly black and yellow or olive green. 

 7. Wholly yellow or olive green, except for black on head. 

 8. Head with black cap . PILEOLATED WARBLER, p. 428. 

 8'. Head with black patch on sides of face. 



YELLOW-THROATS ; see Geothlypis. p. 424. 

 7 . Wings and tail, if not back, as well as crown, black. 

 8. Length about '4.50-5.40. 



GOLDFINCHES ; see Astragalinus, p. 319. 

 8'. Length about 6.50-10.00. 



9. Bill long and slender . ORIOLES; see Icterus, p. 293. 

 '.)'. Bill short and thick. 



WESTERN EVENING GROSBEAK, p. 307. 



