6 4 



ELEMENTS OF MAMMALIAN ANATOMY. 



FIG. 28. VENTRAL ASPECT OF THE BONES OF THE THORAX. The num- 

 bers on the vertebral or bony portions of the ribs indicate the names 

 of the ribs. The numbers of the last four ribs are placed just ceph- 

 alad of them. 



c, Cartilaginous part of first rib ; cr, cartilaginous disc between the bodies 

 of the vertebrae ; en, ensiform process ; hd, heads or capitula of ribs ; 

 ra, manubrium; mr, attachment of twelfth to the eleventh rib; n, free 

 termination of thirteenth rib; r, attachment of the eleventh to the 

 tenth rib ; //>, tubercle of first rib ; tn, transverse process of first thoracic 

 vertebra; v, body of vertebra. 



