128 



ELEMENTS OF MAMMALIAN ANATOMY. 



meters long. No special mark indicates its limits. It 

 is so called because that portion of the canal in man is 

 frequently empty after death. The ileum constitutes 

 more than two-thirds of the small intestine, is much 

 convoluted, and extends from the jejunum to the large 

 intestine on the right side of the abdominal cavity, near 

 the iliac bone. The intestine is supported by the folds 



of the peritoneum known as 

 the mesenteries. 



The large intestine con- 



FIG. 59. TRANSVERSE SECTION OF 

 THE CAT. 



i, Sections of the intestine ; d, duo- 

 denum ; a, aorta ; pan, pancreas ; 

 pa, pancreas Aselli ; spl, spleen ; 

 sp, spinous process of the lumbar 

 vertebra; tr, transverse process; 

 v, post-cava or inferior vena cava ; 

 om, greater omentum ; the broken 

 line is the peritoneum. 



FIG. 60. CROSS-SECTION OF THE 

 CARDIAC END OF THE STOMACH. 

 X 3. 



cav, Cavity of the stomach; ex, ex- 

 ternal muscular coat ; in, internal 

 muscular coat; m, mucous coat; 

 mm, muscularis mucosae; s, sub- 

 mucous or areolar coat ; se, serous 

 or peritoneal coat. 



sists of the cecum, colon, and rectum. The cecum is the blind 

 conical projection at the beginning of the large intestine. 

 It is only one or two centimeters long. The ileum opens 

 into the large intestine at the junction of the cecum and 

 colon. An annular fold of mucous membrane, strengthened 

 by a sphincter muscle, forms the ileocecal valve, which re- 



