230 ELEMENTS OF MAMMALIAN ANATOMY. 



of the diaphragm, and branches from the tenth cranial 

 nerve. 



The largest ganglion of the solar plexus is the semi- 

 lunar. The solar and its allied plexuses send nerves 

 to the diaphragm, suprarenal bodies, many of the blood- 

 vessels of the abdominal cavity, stomach, kidneys, 

 ureters, testes or ovaries, uterus, liver, gall-bladder, 

 spleen, pancreas, and intestines. 



The hypogastric plexus is the third great sympathetic 

 plexus. It lies on the ventral aspect of the two caudal 

 lumbar vertebrae and is formed by branches from the 

 solar plexus and a few twigs from the sympathetic 

 cords. It supplies the blood-vessels of the pelvic region 

 and all the organs of the pelvis. The sympathetic cords 

 in the lumbar region lie near together and the com- 

 municating branches between them and the spinal 

 nerves are longer than in the thoracic region. In the 

 sacral region there are no rami communicantes, and the 

 ganglia are irregularly arranged. A median ganglion 

 in the sacral region is known as the ganglion impar. 

 There may be two median ganglia. The sympathetic 

 cords terminate in the tail. 



PRACTICAL QUESTIONS AND SUGGESTIONS. 



1. Name the foramina of the skull giving passage to one or more 

 cranial nerves. 



2. From a study of one or more specimens and the description in the 

 book make a diagrammatic drawing of each cranial nerve. 



3. Which cranial nerves have their roots in the medulla? 



4. Name the cranial nerves which are wholly motor. 



5. Which of the cranial nerves do not supply structures of the head? 



6. Of what are ganglia composed ? 



7. Make a drawing of your dissection showing the connection between 

 the spinal and sympathetic nerves. 



8. Which spinal nerves form the several plexuses? 



9. Make a drawing showing wherein the brachial plexus in your 

 specimen differs from that described in the text. 



