48 BIRD-KEEPER'S MANUAL. 



had kept it a good many years, I gave as a cause 

 old age; but the old gentleman said it was his 

 opinion, that the change of color was brought 

 on by the bird's inhaling the effluvia of the drugs. 



CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SEXES. The upper 

 parts and tail of the male of this bird (wiih the 

 exception of the shoulders, which are a bluish 

 gray) are a rich glossy black ; the cheeks, throat, 

 and under parts a delicate red ; the rump, vent, 

 and under tail coverts, pure white. The female 

 has the upper parts more of a brownish tint ; the 

 red on the breast is also brownish ; it has not the 

 beautiful clearness of the male in any of the 

 colors. 



LOCATION. Found throughout Europe Resi- 

 dent. 



CHAFFINCH. 



This is a beautiful, lively, and active bird, and 

 has some very sprightly, warbling notes. It is 

 very highly prized in Germany, so much so, that 

 it would seem, from the way they speak of it, 

 that there is a Chaffinch mania prevailing in that 

 country, somewhat like the Tulip mania which 



