110 THE BUTTERFLIES OF THE 



situated ; a black hair arising from each spot. Head 

 concolorous with the body, covered with black spots, and 

 usually with a yellow or orange patch each side. 



The chrysalis is .65 of an inch long, varying in color, 

 but mostly bluish gray more or less sprinkled with black, 

 with the ridges and prominences edged with buff or flesh 

 color. 



This butterfly is usually known as the Southern 

 Cabbage Butterfly, though it is to be found in all parts 

 of the United States, from Canada to the Gulf, and from 

 the Atlantic to the Pacific. Though it has such a wide 

 range, it is to be met with as an injurious insect only 

 in the Southern States and the States bordering on 

 these. In the Northern States P. Rapce is more 

 common, in many places driving out Protodice. Where 

 the two occur, the European species is more destructive, 

 as the larvse of this species not only eat the outer leaves, 

 but may be found boring into the head as well, while 

 the Protodice larvae feed mostly on the outer leaves. 



There are several broods during a season, the broods 

 somewhat intermingling, so that larvae of various stages 

 of growth may be found at any time. It hibernates in 

 the pupa state. 



Middle, Southern, and Western States to the Pacific. 



12. PIEEIS NAPI, Esper. 



It has been shown by Mr. Edwards that some one 

 or more forms of this variable species are to be found 

 from Arctic America as far south as California on the 

 west, and Michigan and New England on the east, 

 being mostly represented in the regions farther to the 

 north. As a mere matter of information, the full ar- 



